Current artificial designs of the periosteum focus on osteogenic or angiogenic properties, while ignoring the filling and integration with bone microcracks, which trigger a prolonged excessive inflammatory reaction and lead to failure of bone regeneration. In this study, seamless adhesive biomimetic periosteum patches (HABP/Sr-PLA) were prepared to fill microcracks in defective bone via interfacial self-assembly induced by Sr ions mediated metal-ligand interactions among pamidronate disodium-modified hyaluronic acid (HAPD), black phosphorus (BP), and hydrophilic polylactic acid (PLA). In vitro, HABP/Sr-PLA exhibited excellent self-healing properties, seamlessly filled bone microcracks, and significantly enhanced osteogenesis and angiogenesis. Furthermore, in a rat cranial defect model, HABP/Sr-PLA was demonstrated to significantly promote the formation of blood vessels and new bone under mild 808 nm photothermal stimulation (42.8 °C), and the highest protein expression of CD31 and OPN was five times higher than that of the control group and other groups. Therefore, the proposed seamless microcrack-filled bionic periosteum patch is a promising clinical strategy for promoting bone repair.
Keywords: bone regeneration; microcracks; periosteum patch; seamlessly adhesive; self-assembly.
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