Transitional and aftercare needs of persons recovering from COVID-19 using the Omaha System: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Aim: To identify and classify the transitional and aftercare needs of persons hospitalised with and recovering from COVID-19.

Background: Several studies exist that describe the patient needs at the acute phase of COVID-19. The transitional and aftercare needs that emerge during recovery, however, remain vague.

Methods: A scoping review was conducted and reported according to the PRISMA extension guidelines for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Primary studies were identified from database search. Narrative synthesis was undertaken, with the Omaha System as a framework.

Results: Forty studies were included. Persons recovering from the infection may have several needs in all domains of the Omaha System. Although the severity and persistence of the needs may be unrelated to the severity of the initial infection, they may vary based on factors such as age and pre-morbid factors.

Conclusion: Recovering from COVID-19 is associated with varied biopsychosocial-environmental needs which can adversely affect the quality-of-life experience. The review findings represent an inventory of needs that can guide the development of multi-disciplinary post-acute or aftercare programmes.

Relevance to clinical practice: Recovering from COVID-19 can be a protracted process requiring ongoing professional support after discharge. Policies are required to support the development and implementation of post-acute programmes of care. Comprehensive transitional and aftercare rehabilitative programmes are needed to support the recovery process.

Keywords: COVID-19; Omaha System; aftercare; recovery; transitional care.