Effect of physical activity on the change in carotid intima-media thickness: An 8-year prospective cohort study

PLoS One. 2023 Jun 23;18(6):e0287685. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287685. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

Background and aims: There is a demand for longitudinal studies that use both objective and subjective measures of physical activity to investigate the association of physical activity with the change in carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). In order to investigate such association, we conducted an 8-year follow-up study that used both objective and subjective measures of physical activity.

Methods: This cohort study used subsamples of the ongoing Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). Included participants were between 49 to 79 years of age at baseline. Exclusion criteria included incomplete assessments of pedometer/accelerometer, international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ), and baseline CIMT. Participants with a history of cardiovascular diseases were further excluded. Linear regression models were used for the main analysis. Age differences were assessed by stratifying the participants into < 60 years and ≥ 60 years.

Results: After removing excluded participants, 835 participants were included in the final analysis (age, 59.84 ± 6.53 years; 326 (39.04%) males). 453 participants were < 60 years and 382 participants were ≥ 60 years. The daily total step count was inversely associated with the percent change in overall CIMT over 8-years (β = -0.015, standard error = 0.007, P = 0.034). This association was present among participants in the < 60-year-old group (β = -0.026, standard error = 0.010, P = 0.006), but not among participants in the ≥ 60-year-old group (β = -0.010, standard error = 0.011, P = 0.38).

Conclusions: The findings suggest that taking preemptive actions of increasing physical activity may prevent the incidence of atherosclerosis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Carotid Intima-Media Thickness*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Exercise*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Factors

Grants and funding

This research was supported by research funds from Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2011-E71004-00, 2012-E71005-00, 2019-E7104-00, 2019-E7104-01). Dr. Chol Shin is the recipient of all funds involved in this study. https://www.kdca.go.kr/index.es?sid=a3 The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.