Predicting depressive symptom by cardiometabolic indicators in mid-aged and older adults in China: a population-based cross-sectional study

Ying Wang; Xiaoyun Zhang; Yuqing Li; Jiaofeng Gui; Yujin Mei; Xue Yang; Haiyang Liu; Lei-Lei Guo; Jinlong Li; Yunxiao Lei; Xiaoping Li; Lu Sun; Liu Yang; Ting Yuan; Congzhi Wang; Dongmei Zhang; Jing Li; Mingming Liu; Ying Hua; Lin Zhang

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1153316

Predicting depressive symptom by cardiometabolic indicators in mid-aged and older adults in China: a population-based cross-sectional study

Front Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 7:14:1153316. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1153316. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Ying Wang¹, Xiaoyun Zhang¹, Yuqing Li¹, Jiaofeng Gui¹, Yujin Mei¹, Xue Yang¹, Haiyang Liu², Lei-Lei Guo³, Jinlong Li⁴, Yunxiao Lei⁵, Xiaoping Li⁶, Lu Sun⁶, Liu Yang⁷, Ting Yuan⁵, Congzhi Wang⁷, Dongmei Zhang⁸, Jing Li⁹, Mingming Liu⁹, Ying Hua¹⁰, Lin Zhang⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Graduate School, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, An Hui, China.
² Student Health Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, An Hui, China.
³ Department of Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.
⁴ Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Occupational Health and Safety for Coal Industry in Hebei Province, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China.
⁵ Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, An Hui, China.
⁶ Department of Emergency and Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, An Hui, China.
⁷ Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, An Hui, China.
⁸ Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, An Hui, China.
⁹ Department of Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, An Hui, China.
¹⁰ Rehabilitation Nursing, School of Nursing, Wanna Medical College, Wuhu, An Hui, China.

Abstract

Objective: Depressive symptom is a serious mental illness often accompanied by physical and emotional problems. The prevalence of depressive symptom in older adults has become an increasingly important public health priority. Our study used cardiometabolic indicators to predict depressive symptom in middle-aged and older adults in China.

Methods: The data came from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011 (CHARLS2011), which was a cross-sectional study. The analytic sample included 8,942 participants aged 45 years or above. The study evaluated the relationship between cardiometabolic indicators and depression by measuring 13 indicators, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-height ratio (WHtR), conicity index, visceral adiposity index (VAI), Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), a body shape index (ABSI), body roundness index (BRI), triglyceride glucose index (TyG-index) and its correlation index (TyG-BMI, TyG-waist circumference, TyG-WHtR). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between thirteen cardiometabolic indicators and depressive symptom. In addition, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and area under curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the predictive anthropometric index and to determine the optimum cut-off value.

Results: The study included 8,942 participants, of whom 4,146 (46.37%) and 4,796 (53.63%) were male and female. The prevalence of depressive symptom in mid-aged and older adults in China was 41.12% in males and 55.05% in females. The results revealed that BMI [AUC = 0.440, 95%CI: 0.422-0.457], waist circumference [AUC = 0.443, 95%CI: 0.425-0.460], WHtR [AUC = 0.459, 95%CI: 0.441-0.476], LAP [AUC = 0.455, 95%CI: 0.437-0.472], BRI [AUC = 0.459, 95%CI: 0.441-0.476], CVAI [AUC = 0.449, 95%CI: 0.432-0.467], TyG-BMI [AUC = 0.447, 95%CI: 0.429-0.465], and TyG-waist circumference [AUC =0.452, 95%CI: 0.434-0.470] were weak predictors of depressive symptom (p < 0.05) in males. In females, BMI [AUC = 0.470, 95%CI: 0.453-0.486], LAP [AUC = 0.484, 95%CI: 0.467-0.500], TyG-BMI [AUC = 0.470, 95%CI: 0.454-0.487], and TyG-waist circumference [AUC =0.481, 95%CI: 0.465-0.498] were weak predictors of depressive symptom (p < 0.05). On the other side, VAI, ABSI, conicity index and TyG index could not predict depressive symptom in middle-aged and older adults.

Conclusion: Most cardiometabolic indicators have important value in predicting depressive symptom. Our results can provide measures for the early identification of depressive symptom in middle-aged and older adults in China to reduce the prevalence of depressive symptom and improve health.

Keywords: cardiometabolic indicators; cross-sectional study; depressive symptom; middle-aged and older adults; obesity.