Natural deep eutectic solvent-A novel green solvent for protein stabilization

Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Aug 30:247:125477. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125477. Epub 2023 Jun 17.

Abstract

Natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) have been explored to provide a favorable environment for protein stabilization. In this context, NADESs were prepared with the molar ratio of trehalose to betaine ranging from 1:3 to 1:9 (NADES 1-3 to NADES 1-9). There was a strong hydrogen bond interaction between trehalose and betaine, and the interaction weakened with the reduction of trehalose. The NADES 1-7 had good thermal stability (-60-100 °C), low viscosity, and suitable pH (around 7). Trypsin had the highest relative enzyme activity in 50 % (v/v) NADES 1-7 under different temperatures, pH, and storage time. Furthermore, the changes in kinetic parameters indicated that the hydrogen bond environment of 50 % NADES 1-7 increased the contact between the substrate and the trypsin, speeding up the enzymatic reaction rate. This stabilizing effect mainly derived from the virtue of NADES 1-7 itself rather than the superposition of individual components. Additionally, spectral analysis revealed that the NADES 1-7 promoted trypsin conformational folding, effectively protecting the natural structure of trypsin. Importantly, the NADES 1-7 had good biocompatibility, further expanding its application.

Keywords: Betaine; Enzyme activity; Natural deep eutectic solvents; Structure stability; Trehalose; Trypsin.

MeSH terms

  • Betaine*
  • Deep Eutectic Solvents*
  • Solvents / chemistry
  • Trehalose
  • Trypsin

Substances

  • Solvents
  • Deep Eutectic Solvents
  • Betaine
  • Trehalose
  • Trypsin