Phylogenetic and pathogenic characterization of lumpy skin disease virus circulating in China

Shanhui Ren; Haotai Chen; Lvfeng Yuan; Xue Yang; Tadele Berihun Afera; Zaib Ur Rehman; Huibao Wang; Xiangwei Wang; Chunling Ma; Yuguang Lin; Xusheng Qiu; Xiangping Yin; Yuefeng Sun

doi:10.1016/j.virol.2023.06.008

Phylogenetic and pathogenic characterization of lumpy skin disease virus circulating in China

Virology. 2023 Aug:585:127-138. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.06.008. Epub 2023 Jun 15.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China.
² State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China. Electronic address: chenhaotai@caas.cn.
³ Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China.
⁴ Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan.
⁵ State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China; Laboratory of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, 843300, PR China.
⁶ Department of Avian Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 200241, PR China.
⁷ State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China. Electronic address: sunyuefeng@caas.cn.

PMID: 37336054
DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2023.06.008

Abstract

The genomic characterization of emerging pathogens is critical for unraveling their origin and tracking their dissemination. Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is a rapidly emerging pathogen in Asia including China. Although the first Lumpy skin disease (LSD) outbreak was reported in 2019, the origin, transmission, and evolutionary trajectory of LSDV in China have remained obscure. The viral genome of a circulating LSDV strain in China, abbreviated LSDV/FJ/CHA/2021, was sequenced using the next-generation sequencing technique. The morphology and cytoplasmic viral factory of these LSDV isolates were observed using transmission electron microscopy. Subsequently, the genomic characterization of this LSDV isolate was systematically analyzed for the first time using the bioinformatics software. The current study revealed that several mutations in the genome of LSDV isolates circulating in China were identified using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) analysis, an instrument to evaluate for continuous adaptive evaluation of a virus. Furthermore, phylogenomic analysis was used to identify the lineage using the whole genome sequences of 44 LSDV isolates. The result revealed that the isolates from China were closely similar to that of the LSDV isolates from Vietnam, which are divided into a monophyletic lineage sub-group I. The SNPs and Simplot analysis indicate no significant occurrence of the recombinant event on the genome of LSDV isolates in China. Notably, the live virus challenge experiment demonstrated that the pathogenic characterization of this LSDV isolate belongs to a virulent strain. Collectively, we gain the first insight into the evolutionary trajectory, spatiotemporal transmission, and pathogenic characterization of circulating LSDV in China. This study provides a unique reference for risk assessment, guiding diagnostics, and prevention in epizootic and non-epizootic areas.

Keywords: Dissemination; Lumpy skin disease virus; Pathogenicity; Phylogenetic; Surveillance.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Base Sequence
Cattle
China / epidemiology
Disease Outbreaks
Lumpy Skin Disease* / epidemiology
Lumpy Skin Disease* / genetics
Lumpy skin disease virus* / genetics
Phylogeny