CCL4 participates in the reprogramming of glucose metabolism induced by ALV-J infection in chicken macrophages

Huixian Wu; Gul Zaib; Huan Luo; Wang Guo; Ting Wu; Shutong Zhu; Chenjun Wang; Wenxian Chai; Qi Xu; Hengmi Cui; Xuming Hu

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1205143

CCL4 participates in the reprogramming of glucose metabolism induced by ALV-J infection in chicken macrophages

Front Microbiol. 2023 Jun 2:14:1205143. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1205143. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Huixian Wu^{1

2}, Gul Zaib^{1

3

4}, Huan Luo¹, Wang Guo¹, Ting Wu¹, Shutong Zhu¹, Chenjun Wang¹, Wenxian Chai⁵, Qi Xu^{2

4}, Hengmi Cui^{1

4}, Xuming Hu^{1

2

4}

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
² Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic, Breeding and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
³ College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
⁴ Joint International Research Laboratory of Agricultural and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.
⁵ Changzhou Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.

Abstract

Interferon and chemokine-mediated immune responses are two general antiviral programs of the innate immune system in response to viral infections and have recently emerged as important players in systemic metabolism. This study found that the chemokine CCL4 is negatively regulated by glucose metabolism and avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) infection in chicken macrophages. Low expression levels of CCL4 define this immune response to high glucose treatment or ALV-J infection. Moreover, the ALV-J envelope protein is responsible for CCL4 inhibition. We confirmed that CCL4 could inhibit glucose metabolism and ALV-J replication in chicken macrophages. The present study provides novel insights into the antiviral defense mechanism and metabolic regulation of the chemokine CCL4 in chicken macrophages.

Keywords: CCl4; avian leukosis virus; glucose metabolism; immunity; macrophages.