Ru-Ni nanoparticles electrodeposited on rGO/Ni foam as a binder-free, stable and high-performance anode catalyst for direct hydrazine fuel cell

Tahereh Mohammadi; Karim Asadpour-Zeynali; Mir Reza Majidi; Mir Ghasem Hosseini

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16888

Ru-Ni nanoparticles electrodeposited on rGO/Ni foam as a binder-free, stable and high-performance anode catalyst for direct hydrazine fuel cell

Heliyon. 2023 Jun 1;9(6):e16888. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16888. eCollection 2023 Jun.

Authors

Tahereh Mohammadi¹, Karim Asadpour-Zeynali¹, Mir Reza Majidi², Mir Ghasem Hosseini^{2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
² Electrochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Physical Chemistry, Chemistry Faculty, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
³ Engineering Faculty, Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey.

Abstract

Bimetallic Ru-Ni nanoparticles was synthesized on the reduced graphene oxide decorated Ni foam (Ru-Ni/rGO/NF) by electroplating method to be utilized as the anode electrocatalyst for direct hydrazine-hydrogen peroxide fuel cells (DHzHPFCs). The synthesized electrocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The electrochemical properties of catalysts towards hydrazine oxidation reaction in an alkaline medium were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In the case of Ru₁-Ni₃/rGO/NF electrocatalyst, Ru₁-Ni₃ provided active sites due to low activation energy (22.24 kJ mol^-1) for hydrazine oxidation reaction and reduced graphene oxide facilitated charge transfer by increasing electroactive surface area (EASA = 677.5 cm²) with the small charge transfer resistance (0.1 Ω cm²). The CV curves showed that hydrazine oxidation on the synthesized electrocatalysts was a first-order reaction in low concentrations of N₂H₄ and the number of exchanged electrons was 3.0. In the single cell of the of direct hydrazine-hydrogen peroxide fuel cell, the maximum power density value of Ru₁-Ni₃/rGO/NF electrocatalyst was 206 mW cm^-2 and the open circuit voltage was 1.73 V at 55 °C. These results proved that the Ru₁-Ni₃/rGO/NF is a promising candidate for using as the free-binder anode electrocatalyst in the future application of direct hydrazine-hydrogen peroxide fuel cells due to its excellent structural stability, ease of synthesis, low cost, and high catalytic performance.

Keywords: DHzHPFCs; Electroplating; Hydrazine oxidation; Nickel foam; Ru-Ni/rGO/NF.