Introduction: Transient bone osteoporosis (TBO) is characterized by persistent pain, loss of function, no history of trauma and magnetic resonance image (MRI) findings of bone marrow edema.
Source of data: PubMed, Google scholar, EMABSE and Web of Science were accessed in February 2023. No time constrains were used for the search.
Areas of agreement: TBO is rare and misunderstood, typically affecting women during the third trimester of pregnancy or middle-aged men, leading to functional disability for 4-8 weeks followed by self-resolution of the symptoms.
Areas of controversy: Given the limited evidence in the current literature, consensus on optimal management is lacking.
Growing points: This systematic review investigates current management of TBO.
Areas timely for developing research: A conservative approach leads to the resolution of symptoms and MRI findings at midterm follow-up. Administration of bisphosphonates might alleviate pain and accelerate both clinical and imaging recovery.
Keywords: bisphosphonates; osteoporosis; syndrome; transient.
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