Inflammation and lipid metabolism as potential biomarkers of memory impairment across type 2 diabetes mellitus and severe mental disorders

Joan Vicent Sánchez-Ortí; Patricia Correa-Ghisays; Vicent Balanzá-Martínez; Gabriel Selva-Vera; Joan Vila-Francés; Rafael Magdalena-Benedito; Constanza San-Martin; Víctor M Victor; Irene Escribano-Lopez; Antonio Hernandez-Mijares; Juliana Vivas-Lalinde; Benedicto Crespo-Facorro; Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos

doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110817

Inflammation and lipid metabolism as potential biomarkers of memory impairment across type 2 diabetes mellitus and severe mental disorders

Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2023 Dec 20:127:110817. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110817. Epub 2023 Jun 15.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ INCLIVA - Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; TMAP - Evaluation Unit in Personal Autonomy, Dependency and Serious Mental Disorders, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
² INCLIVA - Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Health Institute, Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; TMAP - Evaluation Unit in Personal Autonomy, Dependency and Serious Mental Disorders, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Teaching Unit of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. Electronic address: patricia.correa@uv.es.
³ INCLIVA - Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Health Institute, Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; TMAP - Evaluation Unit in Personal Autonomy, Dependency and Serious Mental Disorders, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Teaching Unit of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Mental Health Unit of Catarroja, Valencia, Spain. Electronic address: vicente.balanza@uv.es.
⁴ INCLIVA - Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Health Institute, Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; TMAP - Evaluation Unit in Personal Autonomy, Dependency and Serious Mental Disorders, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Teaching Unit of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
⁵ IDAL - Intelligent Data Analysis Laboratory, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
⁶ Center for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Health Institute, Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; TMAP - Evaluation Unit in Personal Autonomy, Dependency and Serious Mental Disorders, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
⁷ Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Spain; Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
⁸ Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Dr. Peset, Spain.
⁹ Department of Psychiatry, Mental Health Service, Manises, Valencia, Spain.
¹⁰ Center for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network (CIBERSAM), Health Institute, Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sevilla, HU Virgen del Rocío IBIS, Spain.

PMID: 37327846
DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110817

Abstract

Introduction: Neurocognitive impairment is a transdiagnostic feature across several psychiatric and cardiometabolic conditions. The relationship between inflammatory and lipid metabolism biomarkers and memory performance is not fully understood. This study aimed to identify peripheral biomarkers suitable to signal memory decline from a transdiagnostic and longitudinal perspective.

Methods: Peripheral blood biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and lipid metabolism were assessed twice over a 1-year period in 165 individuals, including 30 with schizophrenia (SZ), 42 with bipolar disorder (BD), 35 with major depressive disorder (MDD), 30 with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and 28 healthy controls (HCs). Participants were stratified by memory performance quartiles, taking as a reference their global memory score (GMS) at baseline, into categories of high memory (H; n = 40), medium to high memory (MH; n = 43), medium to low memory (ML; n = 38) and low memory (L; n = 44). Exploratory and confirmatory factorial analysis, mixed one-way analysis of covariance and discriminatory analyses were performed.

Results: L group was significantly associated with higher levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and lower levels of apolipoprotein A1 (Apo-A1) compared to those from the MH and H groups (p < 0.05; η²p = 0.06-0.09), with small to moderate effect sizes. Moreover, the combination of interleukin-6 (IL-6), TNF-α, c-reactive protein (CRP), Apo-A1 and Apo-B compounded the transdiagnostic model that best discriminated between groups with different degrees of memory impairment (χ² = 11.9-49.3, p < 0.05-0.0001).

Conclusions: Inflammation and lipid metabolism seem to be associated with memory across T2DM and severe mental illnesses (SMI). A panel of biomarkers may be a useful approach to identify individuals at greater risk of neurocognitive impairment. These findings may have a potential translational utility for early intervention and advance precision medicine in these disorders.

Keywords: Inflammation; Lipid metabolism; Neurocognition; Oxidative stress; Severe mental illnesses; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Biomarkers
Depressive Disorder, Major*
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2*
Humans
Inflammation
Lipid Metabolism
Memory Disorders
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Substances

Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Biomarkers