A self-assembled nanoparticle vaccine based on pseudorabies virus glycoprotein D induces potent protective immunity against pseudorabies virus infection

Xujiao Ren; Nan Cao; Linxing Tian; Wenqiang Liu; Hechao Zhu; Zhenxiang Rong; Manman Yao; Xiangmin Li; Ping Qian

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109799

A self-assembled nanoparticle vaccine based on pseudorabies virus glycoprotein D induces potent protective immunity against pseudorabies virus infection

Vet Microbiol. 2023 Sep:284:109799. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109799. Epub 2023 Jun 5.

Authors

Xujiao Ren¹, Nan Cao¹, Linxing Tian¹, Wenqiang Liu¹, Hechao Zhu¹, Zhenxiang Rong¹, Manman Yao¹, Xiangmin Li², Ping Qian³

Affiliations

¹ National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
² National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China. Electronic address: lixiangmin@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
³ National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China. Electronic address: qianp@mail.hzau.edu.cn.

PMID: 37327558
DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109799

Abstract

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) mainly causes pseudorabies (PR) or Aujeszky's disease in pigs and can infect humans, raising public health concerns about zoonotic and interspecies transmission of PR. With the emergence of PRV variants in 2011, the classic attenuated PRV vaccine strains have failed to protect many swine herds against PR. Herein, we developed a self-assembled nanoparticle vaccine that induces potent protective immunity against PRV infection. PRV glycoprotein D (gD) was expressed using the baculovirus expression system and further presented on the lumazine synthase (LS) 60-meric protein scaffolds via the SpyTag003/SpyCatcher003 covalent coupling system. In mouse and piglet models, LSgD nanoparticles emulsified with the ISA 201VG adjuvant elicited robust humoral and cellular immune responses. Furthermore, LSgD nanoparticles provided effective protection against PRV infection and eliminated pathological symptoms in the brain and lungs. Collectively, the gD-based nanoparticle vaccine design appears to be a promising candidate for potent protection against PRV infection.

Keywords: Cellular immunity; Glycoprotein D; Lumazine synthase; Nanoparticle vaccine; Pseudorabies virus.

MeSH terms

Adjuvants, Immunologic
Animals
Herpesvirus 1, Suid*
Humans
Mice
Pseudorabies Vaccines
Pseudorabies*
Swine
Swine Diseases*
Vaccines, Attenuated

Substances

pseudorabies virus glycoproteins
Adjuvants, Immunologic
Vaccines, Attenuated
Pseudorabies Vaccines