The difficulties in emotion regulation scale: Dimensionality, measurement invariance, and physiological correlates in community adolescents

J Clin Psychol. 2023 Oct;79(10):2351-2363. doi: 10.1002/jclp.23553. Epub 2023 Jun 12.

Abstract

Objective: Emotion regulation is a central construct for the study of mental health in adolescence. Although the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) has been vastly used, several issues remain unanswered (e.g., factor structure/dimensionality). This study aimed to validate the 36-items DERS in a sample of 989 Portuguese community adolescent (460 boys; 529 girls; age ranged from 14 to 18).

Method: A bifactor-ESEM model, comprising a general and six specific factors (nonacceptance; goals; impulses; strategies; clarity; awareness) was explored and considered the best fitting model.

Results: Gender measurement invariance was established. When compared with boys, although differences were small in magnitude, girls presented higher emotion regulation difficulties. Evidence for reliability and construct/temporal validity were found, and significant associations between the DERS and physiological measures of emotion regulation (i.e., Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability) were established.

Conclusion: Findings support the use of the DERS in adolescent samples.

Keywords: Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS); adolescence; bifactor-ESEM; heart rate variability.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Affective Symptoms* / psychology
  • Emotional Regulation*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mental Health
  • Psychometrics
  • Reproducibility of Results