Effects of early PCSK9 inhibitor application on inflammation levels and microcirculatory function after PCI in patients with NSTE-ACS

Jinrui Ji; Xiaoyun Wei; Wenshan Chen; Dongyu Wan; Wenjie Han; Hengliang Liu

Effects of early PCSK9 inhibitor application on inflammation levels and microcirculatory function after PCI in patients with NSTE-ACS

Am J Transl Res. 2023 May 15;15(5):3586-3596. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Jinrui Ji¹, Xiaoyun Wei¹, Wenshan Chen¹, Dongyu Wan¹, Wenjie Han¹, Hengliang Liu¹

Affiliation

¹ Department of Cardiology, The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China.

PMID: 37303640
PMCID: PMC10251011

Abstract

Objective: To investigate inflammation levels and microcirculatory function following the early application of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS).

Methods: This is a retrospective study. Between December 2019 and December 2021, 120 patients with NSTE-ACS admitted to the People's Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine for PCI were randomized via a web-based randomization system into a control group (60 cases) treated with atorvastatin or a PCSK9 inhibitor group (60 cases) treated with atorvastatin + evolocumab. After 6 months of treatment, between-group differences were assessed for the following measures: triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR), Thrombosis in Myocardial Infarction myocardial perfusion grading (TMPG), major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), and adverse reactions.

Results: After 6 months of treatment, TG (P=0.037), TC (P<0.001), LDL-C (P<0.001), Lp(a) (P<0.001), hs-CRP (P<0.001), TNF-α (P<0.001), and IL-6 (P<0.001) levels and IMR values (P<0.001) were significantly lower in the PCSK9 inhibitor group than in the control group. TMPG grade 3 (P=0.04) was noted to occur significantly more frequently in the PCSK9 inhibitor group than in the control group. No significant between-group differences in MACEs (P>0.05) or adverse reactions (P>0.05) were observed.

Conclusions: Compared with statins alone, a PCSK9 inhibitor combined with statins improves inflammation levels and microcirculatory function after PCI in patients with NSTE-ACS, and this strategy deserves clinical attention.

Keywords: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9; inflammation levels; microcirculatory function; non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome.