Enhancing Tobacco Quitline Outcomes for African American Adults: An RCT of a Culturally Specific Intervention

Monica Webb Hooper; Kelly M Carpenter; Erica E Salmon; Ken Resnicow

doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2023.06.005

Enhancing Tobacco Quitline Outcomes for African American Adults: An RCT of a Culturally Specific Intervention

Am J Prev Med. 2023 Dec;65(6):964-972. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.06.005. Epub 2023 Jun 10.

Authors

Monica Webb Hooper¹, Kelly M Carpenter², Erica E Salmon², Ken Resnicow³

Affiliations

¹ Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio. Electronic address: monica.hooper@nih.gov.
² Optum Center for Wellbeing Research, Eden Prairie, Minnesota.
³ Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

PMID: 37302513
DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.06.005

Abstract

Introduction: This study tested the effectiveness of a culturally specific tobacco cessation video intervention among African American quitline enrollees.

Study design: This was a 3-arm semipragmatic RCT.

Setting/participants: African American adults (N=1,053) were recruited from the North Carolina tobacco quitline and data were collected between 2017 and 2020.

Intervention: Participants were randomized to receive (1) quitline services only; (2) quitline services plus a standard, general audience video intervention; or (3) quitline services plus Pathways to Freedom (PTF), a culturally specific video intervention designed to promote cessation among African American persons.

Main outcome measures: The primary outcome was self-reported 7-day point prevalence smoking abstinence at 6 months. Secondary outcomes included 7-day and 24-hour point prevalence abstinence at 3 months, 28-day continuous abstinence, and intervention engagement. Data analyses occurred in 2020 and 2022.

Results: At 6 months, 7-day point prevalence abstinence was significantly greater in the Pathways to Freedom Video arm compared with quitline-only (OR=1.5, CI=1.11, 2.07). Twenty four-hour point prevalence abstinence was significantly greater in the Pathways to Freedom (than in quitline-only) group at 3 (OR=1.49, 95% CI=1.03, 2.15) and 6 (OR=1.58, 95% CI=1.10, 2.28) months. At 6 months, 28-day continuous abstinence (OR=1.60, 95% CI=1.17, 2.20) was significantly greater in the Pathways to Freedom Video arm than in the quitline-only arm. Views of the Pathways to Freedom Video were 76% higher than views of the standard video.

Conclusions: Culturally specific tobacco interventions delivered through state quitlines can increase cessation and thus have the potential to decrease health disparities among African American adults.

Trial registration: This study is registered at www.

Clinicaltrials: gov NCT03064971.

Publication types

Randomized Controlled Trial
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adult
Black or African American
Counseling
Humans
Smoking
Smoking Cessation*
Tobacco Use Cessation*

Associated data

ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03064971