Smartphone digital image colorimetry combined with dispersive solid-phase microextraction for the determination of boron in food samples

Jude Caleb; Usama Alshana; Nusret Ertaş; Sezgin Bakırdere

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136528

Smartphone digital image colorimetry combined with dispersive solid-phase microextraction for the determination of boron in food samples

Food Chem. 2023 Nov 15:426:136528. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136528. Epub 2023 Jun 7.

Authors

Jude Caleb¹, Usama Alshana², Nusret Ertaş³, Sezgin Bakırdere⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, TRNC, Mersin 10, Turkey. Electronic address: judejoshua.caleb@neu.edu.tr.
² Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, 123 Al Khod, Muscat, Oman. Electronic address: u.alshana@squ.edu.om.
³ Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, 06330 Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: nertas@gazi.edu.tr.
⁴ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Yıldız Technical University, 34349 Istanbul, Turkey; Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Vedat Dalokay St., No: 112, 06670 Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: bsezgin@yildiz.edu.tr.

PMID: 37302306
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136528

Abstract

Simple, inexpensive and accurate analytical methods are in high demand. Dispersive solid-phase microextraction (DSPME) was used in combination with smartphone digital image colorimetry (SDIC) to determine boron in nuts as an approach replacing existing costly alternatives. A colorimetric box was designed to capture images of standards and sample solutions. ImageJ software was used to link pixel intensity to the analyte concentration. Under optimum extraction and detection conditions, linear calibration graphs were obtained with coefficients of determination (R²) above 0.9955. Percentage relative standard deviations (%RSD) were below 6.8 %. The limits of detection (LOD) ranged between 0.07 and 0.11 μg mL^-1 (1.8 to 2.8 μg g^-1), which were sufficient for detection of boron in nut samples (i.e., almond, ivory, peanut and walnut), with percentage relative recoveries (%RR) between 92.0 and 106.0 %.

Keywords: Boron; Curcumin method; Dispersive solid-phase microextraction; Food; Smartphone digital image colorimetry.

MeSH terms

Boron
Colorimetry* / methods
Limit of Detection
Liquid Phase Microextraction* / methods
Smartphone
Solid Phase Microextraction / methods

Substances

Boron