Synthesis of fructose bound Fe(iii) integrated carbon dots as a robust turn-off detection sensor for chlortoluron

Rani; Faiz Ali; Mian Muhammad; Behisht Ara; Aftab Ali Shah

doi:10.1039/d3ra01430d

Synthesis of fructose bound Fe(iii) integrated carbon dots as a robust turn-off detection sensor for chlortoluron

RSC Adv. 2023 Jun 6;13(25):17028-17037. doi: 10.1039/d3ra01430d. eCollection 2023 Jun 5.

Authors

Rani¹, Faiz Ali¹, Mian Muhammad¹, Behisht Ara², Aftab Ali Shah^{1

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, University of Malakand Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan faizy186@gmail.com.
² Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar Pakistan.
³ Department of Biotechnology, University of Malakand Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan.

Abstract

A simple, sensitive, and robust fluorescent sensor for chlortoluron detection has been developed. Fluorescent carbon dots were synthesized using ethylene diamine and fructose via a hydrothermal protocol. The molecular interaction between fructose carbon dots and Fe(iii) resulted in a fluorescent metastable state exhibiting remarkable fluorescence quenching at λ_em of 454 nm and interestingly, further quenching occurred upon the addition of chlortoluron. The quenching in the fluorescence intensity of CDF-Fe(iii) towards chlortoluron occurred in the concentration range of 0.2-5.0 μg mL^-1 where the limit of detection was found to be 0.0467 μg mL^-1, the limit of quantification was 0.14 μg mL^-1, and the relative standard deviation was 0.568%. The selective and specific recognitive nature of the Fe(iii) integrated fructose bound carbon dots towards the chlortoluron make it a suitable sensor for real sample applications. The proposed strategy was applied for the determination of chlortoluron in soil, water, and wheat samples with recoveries in the range of 95% to 104.3%.