Prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease in Asymptomatic type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Invasive Correlation in North India

Vinod Kumar; Bharat Yadav; Amit Nachankar

doi:10.4103/ijem.ijem_378_22

Prevalence of Coronary Artery Disease in Asymptomatic type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Invasive Correlation in North India

Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Mar-Apr;27(2):133-139. doi: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_378_22. Epub 2023 Apr 14.

Authors

Vinod Kumar¹, Bharat Yadav², Amit Nachankar³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medicine, Consultant ITBP Base Hospital Tigri, Delhi, India.
² Department of Medicine, Military Hospital Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India.
³ Department of Endocrinology, Army Hospital, (R and R) Delhi Cantt, India.

Abstract

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD).

Material and methods: In this study, we assessed the prevalence of CAD in asymptomatic T2DM patients and its correlation with invasive testing in treadmill testing (TMT)-positive cases. A total of 90 patients with asymptomatic T2DM were recruited and subjected to TMT TMT-positive patients were subjected to coronary angiography (CAG).

Results: At baseline, the mean duration of T2DM (years) was 4.87 ± 4.04 with mean levels of HbA1c (%) of 7.96 ± 1.02. TMT was positive in 28 patients (31.1%) for reversible myocardial ischaemia (RMI), and among them, 16 patients consented to CAG, of which 14 required coronary angioplasty and the remaining two (7.1%) had to undergo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The remaining 12 TMT positives (42.9%) were managed medically.

Conclusion: To conclude, there is a high prevalence of silent CAD in T2DM. They need regular screening to detect the same and prevent the morbidity and mortality associated with overt CAD. Hence, it is important to screen people with type 2 diabetes, to prevent the morbidity and mortality associated with overt CAD.

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease; metabolic syndrome; treadmill test.