Bioinspired Stretchable MXene Deformation-Insensitive Hydrogel Temperature Sensors for Plant and Skin Electronics

Jun Wu; Yinghui Li; Shengshun Duan; Zhehan Wang; Xu Jing; Yucheng Lin; Di Zhu; Wei Lei; Qiongfeng Shi; Li Tao

doi:10.34133/research.0106

Bioinspired Stretchable MXene Deformation-Insensitive Hydrogel Temperature Sensors for Plant and Skin Electronics

Research (Wash D C). 2023 Jun 2:6:0106. doi: 10.34133/research.0106. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Jun Wu¹, Yinghui Li¹, Shengshun Duan¹, Zhehan Wang², Xu Jing², Yucheng Lin¹, Di Zhu¹, Wei Lei¹, Qiongfeng Shi¹, Li Tao^{2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Joint International Research Laboratory of Information Display and Visualization, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China.
² School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China.
³ Center of 2D Materials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China.

Abstract

Temperature sensing is of high value in the wearable healthcare, robotics/prosthesis, and noncontact physiological monitoring. However, the common mechanic deformation, including pressing, bending, and stretching, usually causes undesirable feature size changes to the inner conductive network distribution of temperature sensors, which seriously influences the accuracy. Here, inspired by the transient receptor potential mechanism of biological thermoreceptors that could work precisely under various skin contortions, we propose an MXene/Clay/poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) (MCP) hydrogel with high stretchability, spike response, and deformation insensitivity. The dynamic spike response is triggered by the inner conductive network transformation from the 3-dimensional structure to the 2-dimensional surface after water being discharged at the threshold temperature. The water discharge is solely determined by the thermosensitivity of PNIPAM, which is free from mechanical deformation, so the MCP hydrogels can perform precise threshold temperature (32 °C) sensing under various deformation conditions, i.e., pressing and 15% stretching. As a proof of concept, we demonstrated the applications in plant electronics for the real-time surface temperature monitoring and skin electronics for communicating between human and machines. Our research opens venues for the accurate temperature-threshold sensation on the complicated surface and mechanical conditions.