IL-10 (-819C/T), TNFA (-30G/A) and ENOS (-786T/C) Polymorphisms Modulating the Outcome Related to Mental Disorders in Crack Addicted Users

Ana Caroline Melo Dos Santos; Barbara Rayssa Correia Dos Santos; Bruna Brandão Dos Santos; Edilson Leite de Moura; Abel Barbosa Lira Neto; Aline Cristine Pereira E Silva; Karol Fireman de Farias; Verônica de Medeiros Alves; Antônio Egídio Nardi; Elaine Virgínia Martins de Souza Figueiredo

doi:10.2174/17450179-v18-e2201140

IL-10 (-819C/T), TNFA (-30G/A) and ENOS (-786T/C) Polymorphisms Modulating the Outcome Related to Mental Disorders in Crack Addicted Users

Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health. 2022 Feb 8:18:e174501792201140. doi: 10.2174/17450179-v18-e2201140. eCollection 2022.

Affiliations

¹ Program in Health Sciences, Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil.
² Laboratory of Molecular Chronobiology, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil.
³ Program in Nursing, Molecular Biology and Gene Expression Laboratory, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil.
⁴ Department of Nursing, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Brazil.
⁵ Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Abstract

Background: Cocaine/crack use affects immune system molecules and development of mental disorders has been identified.

Objective: To investigate the relationship of polymorphisms in the TNFA (-308G/A), IL-10 (-819C/T) and ENOS (-786T/C) genes with mental disorders in cocaine and crack users.

Methods: A case-control study was carried out, which included 107 cocaine and crack users and 115 controls who never used healthy cocaine and crack. The SNPs in the TNFA (-308G/A), IL-10 (-819C/T) and ENOS (-786T/C) genes were genotyped by real time PCR.

Results: As for the individuals included in this study, the average age of 31.4 years (± 8.59). We identified that the G/A genotype to TNFA (-308) (OR = 0.24; p = 0.03) and the A allele (OR = 0.30; p = 0.03) were associated with reduced risk for dysthymic disorder. The T allele of the IL-10 (-819) polymorphism was associated with decreased risk of developing panic disorder (OR = 0.44; p = 0.01), while the C allele was correlated with an increased risk for alcohol dependence (OR = 1.97; p = 0.04), alcohol abuse (OR = 1.81; p = 0.04) and psychotic syndrome (OR = 2.23; p = 0.01). C/C genotype was correlated with increased chances of developing current psychotic syndrome (OR = 4.23; p = 0.01).

Conclusion: Our results suggest that genetic polymorphisms promote susceptibility or promote protection for clinical phenotypes of psychiatric comorbidities in cocaine and crack users and be considered as good prognostic markers.

Keywords: Central nervous system; Chronic depressive symptoms; Cocaine; Crack; Genetic polymorphism; Mental disorders.