Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Outcomes in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Hemodialysis Requiring Midodrine

Ethan C Korngold; Ruyun Jin; Kateri J Spinelli; Vishesh Kumar; Brydan Curtis; Sameer Gafoor; Derek Phan; Daniel Spoon; Aidan Raney; Lisa McCabe; Brandon Jones

doi:10.1016/j.shj.2023.100163

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Outcomes in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Hemodialysis Requiring Midodrine

Struct Heart. 2023 Mar 3;7(3):100163. doi: 10.1016/j.shj.2023.100163. eCollection 2023 May.

Authors

Ethan C Korngold¹, Ruyun Jin¹, Kateri J Spinelli¹, Vishesh Kumar¹, Brydan Curtis², Sameer Gafoor^{3

4}, Derek Phan³, Daniel Spoon⁵, Aidan Raney⁶, Lisa McCabe⁷, Brandon Jones¹

Affiliations

¹ Center for Cardiovascular Analytics, Research and Data Science (CARDS), Providence Heart Institute, Providence St. Joseph Health, Portland, Oregon, USA.
² Providence Spokane Heart Institute, Spokane, Washington, USA.
³ Swedish Heart & Vascular Institute, Cherry Hill Campus, Seattle, Washington, USA.
⁴ CardioVascular Center Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
⁵ Providence International Heart Institute of Montana, Missoula, Montana, USA.
⁶ Providence St. Joseph Hospital-Orange, Orange, California, USA.
⁷ Providence Regional Medical Center Everett, Everett, Washington, USA.

Abstract

Background: Patients with dialysis-dependent end-stage renal disease (ESRD) taking midodrine may be at high risk for poor outcomes following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). We evaluated dialysis-dependent ESRD patients taking midodrine.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of non-clinical trial TAVR patients from February 2012 to December 2020 from 11 facilities in a Western US health system. Patient groups included ESRD patients on midodrine before TAVR (ESRD [+M]), ESRD patients without midodrine (ESRD [-M]), and non-ESRD patients. The endpoints of 30-day and 1-year mortality were represented by Kaplan-Meier survival estimator and compared by log-rank test.

Results: Forty-five ESRD (+M), 216 ESRD (-M), and 6898 non-ESRD patients were included. ESRD patients had more comorbid conditions, despite no significant difference in predicted Society of Thoracic Surgeons mortality risk between ESRD (+M) and ESRD (-M) (8.7% vs. 9.2%, p = 0.491). Thirty-day mortality was significantly higher for ESRD (+M) patients vs. ESRD (-M) patients (20.1% vs. 5.6%, p = 0.001) and for ESRD (+M) vs. non-ESRD patients (2.5%, p < 0.001). One-year mortality trended higher for ESRD (+M) vs. ESRD (-M) patients (41.9% vs. 29.8%, p = 0.07), and was significantly higher for ESRD (+M) vs. non-ESRD patients (10.7%, p < 0.001). Compared to ESRD (-M), ESRD (+M) patients had a higher incidence of 30-day stroke (6.7% vs. 1.4%, p = 0.033), 30-day vascular complications (6.7% vs. 0.9%, p = 0.011), and a lower rate of discharge to home (62.2% vs. 84.7%, p < 0.001). In contrast, ESRD (-M) patients had no significant differences from non-ESRD patients for these outcomes.

Conclusions: Our experience suggests ESRD patients on midodrine are a higher acuity population with worse survival after TAVR, compared to ESRD patients not on midodrine. These findings may help with risk stratification for ESRD patients undergoing TAVR.

Keywords: End stage renal disease; Midodrine; Survival; Transcatheter aortic valve replacement.