Genetics of adnexal tumors: An update

T Kervarrec; P Sohier; D Pissaloux; A de la Fouchardiere; B Cribier; M Battistella; N Macagno

doi:10.1016/j.annder.2023.03.003

Genetics of adnexal tumors: An update

Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2023 Sep;150(3):202-207. doi: 10.1016/j.annder.2023.03.003. Epub 2023 Jun 1.

Authors

T Kervarrec¹, P Sohier², D Pissaloux³, A de la Fouchardiere³, B Cribier⁴, M Battistella⁵, N Macagno⁶

Affiliations

¹ CARADERM Network, Lille, France; Department of Pathology, University Hospital Center of Tours, Tours, France. Electronic address: thibaultkervarrec@yahoo.fr.
² CARADERM Network, Lille, France; Department of Pathology, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP Centre - University of Paris Cité, Paris, France; Faculty of Medicine, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France.
³ Department of Pathology, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
⁴ CARADERM Network, Lille, France; Dermatology Clinic, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg, France.
⁵ CARADERM Network, Lille, France; Department of Pathology, Saint Louis Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP Centre - Paris 7, Paris, France.
⁶ CARADERM Network, Lille, France; Department of Pathology, AP-HM, University Hospital of la Timone, Marseille, France; University of Aix-Marseille, INSERM U1251, MMG, Marseille, France.

PMID: 37270318
DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2023.03.003

Abstract

Cutaneous adnexal tumors form a vast heterogeneous group that include frequent entities that are mostly benign, as well as rare tumors that are occasionally malignant. In contrast to cutaneous tumors arising from the interfollicular epidermis that develop as a result of accumulation of UV-induced DNA damage (basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma), the oncogenesis of adnexal tumors is related to a broad spectrum of genetic mechanisms (e.g., point mutation, fusion genes, viral integration, etc.). In this setting, specific and recurrent genetic alterations have been progressively reported, and these allow better classification of these entities. For certain of them, immunohistochemical tools are now available, enabling precise integrated histological and molecular diagnosis since certain entities are linked to well-defined alterations. In this context, we aim in this review to summarize the main molecular tools currently available for the classification of adnexal tumors.

Keywords: Adnexal tumors; Genetics; Hair follicle; Sebaceous glands; Sweat glands.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Adenoma*
Carcinoma, Basal Cell*
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell*
Humans
Neoplasms, Adnexal and Skin Appendage* / genetics
Skin Neoplasms* / genetics