COVID-19 anti-Asian racism, perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness, and suicidal ideation among Asian American Emerging Adults

Int Rev Psychiatry. 2023 May-Jun;35(3-4):302-309. doi: 10.1080/09540261.2023.2182186. Epub 2023 Feb 25.

Abstract

Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a significant surge in COVID-19 related anti-Asian racism and hate crimes. Given the ostracising and dehumanising narrative of COVID-19 related anti-Asian hate, we examined whether COVID-19 anti-Asian racism would be associated with suicidal ideation through increased thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness among Asian American emerging adults. With data from 139 participants (Mage = 23.04), we conducted a path analysis of COVID-19 anti-Asian racism (four items) predicting suicidal ideation (item nine; Patient Health Questionnaire-9) via perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness (Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire). COVID-19 anti-Asian racism significantly predicted suicidal ideation. The indirect effect through perceived burdensomeness was significant but not through thwarted belongingness; greater COVID-19 anti-Asian racism was associated with greater perceived burdensomeness, which in turn was associated with greater suicidal ideation. The significance of perceived burdensomeness was substantiated given the non-significant direct effect. The results suggest that the ongoing COVID-19 anti-Asian racism may be an alarming risk factor for suicidal ideation for Asian American emerging adults.

Keywords: COVID-19 racism; anti-Asian hate; perceived burdensomeness; suicidal ideation; thwarted belongingness.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Asian
  • COVID-19*
  • Humans
  • Interpersonal Relations
  • Pandemics
  • Psychological Theory
  • Racism*
  • Risk Factors
  • Suicidal Ideation