Relationship between engagement in meaningful activities, self-efficacy, and quality of life in healthy young adults: An exploratory study

Scand J Occup Ther. 2023 Nov;30(8):1330-1338. doi: 10.1080/11038128.2023.2218573. Epub 2023 Jun 1.

Abstract

Background: The use of meaningful activities promotes health and well-being. There is no study with a healthy adult Spanish population that tries to determine how people engage in meaningful activities and the relationship between self-efficacy and quality of life.

Aims: This study aimed to 1) confirm the construct validity of the Engagement in Meaningful Activities Survey (EMAS) with a healthy population; 2) evaluate the internal consistency of the EMAS for a non-clinical population, and 3) examine convergent validity with self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy) and health-related quality of life.

Material and methods: The methodology for construct validation and reliability of health questionnaires was conducted. A total of 177 non-clinical adults participated, between 18 and 60 years old. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed, and Cronbach's alpha was obtained to measure internal consistency for EMAS. A correlation analysis was performed with the other variables of interest: self-efficacy and quality of life.

Results: The two-dimensional structure of the EMAS for the non-clinical adult population is confirmed: personal emotional competence versus the social experiential component. In addition, the results indicate a moderate association between engagement in meaningful activities and self-efficacy.

Conclusion: The EMAS is a valid questionnaire to be used in the Spanish adult population.

Keywords: Assessment; health-related quality of life; occupation; occupational therapy.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Psychometrics
  • Quality of Life*
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Self Efficacy*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Young Adult