Correlation Analysis Between Disease Activity and Anxiety, Depression, Sleep Disturbance, and Quality of Life in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Rong Yu; Chuan Liu; Jixiang Zhang; Jiao Li; Shan Tian; Fugui Ding; Zhengru Liu; Ting Wang; Zhongchun Liu; Changqing Jiang; Jie Shi; Kaichun Wu; Weiguo Dong

doi:10.2147/NSS.S407388

Correlation Analysis Between Disease Activity and Anxiety, Depression, Sleep Disturbance, and Quality of Life in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Nat Sci Sleep. 2023 May 26:15:407-421. doi: 10.2147/NSS.S407388. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Rong Yu^#¹, Chuan Liu^#¹, Jixiang Zhang^#¹, Jiao Li^#¹, Shan Tian², Fugui Ding¹, Zhengru Liu³, Ting Wang⁴, Zhongchun Liu⁵, Changqing Jiang⁶, Jie Shi⁷, Kaichun Wu⁸, Weiguo Dong¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
² Department of Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, People's Republic of China.
³ Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, People's Republic of China.
⁴ Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 570102, People's Republic of China.
⁵ Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
⁶ Department of Clinical Psychology, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100088, People's Republic of China.
⁷ Department of Medical Psychology, Chinese People's Liberation Army Rocket Army Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, 100088, People's Republic of China.
⁸ Department of Gastroenterology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Objective: To explore the correlation between disease activity and anxiety, depression, sleep quality, and quality of life in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods: The disease activity of IBD patients was evaluated by 66 gastroenterologists from 42 hospitals in 22 provinces in China from September 2021 to May 2022. Anxiety, depression, sleep quality and quality of life of IBD patients were investigated and statistically analyzed by different scales, including Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (IBD-Q).

Results: A total of 2478 IBD patients were included, of which 1532 (61.8%) were in active stage and 946 (38.2%) were in remission. The proportions of active IBD with anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance, and poor quality of life were 29.5%, 29.7%, 71.1%, and 50.1%, respectively, while the proportions of remission IBD with anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance, and poor quality of life were 19.1%, 24.4%, 69.3%, and 17.4%, respectively. IBD patients who also had anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances and poor quality of life had 80 cases (8.46%) in remission and 114 cases (7.44%) in active stage, with 54 cases (9.18%) in mild activity, 51 cases (6.95%) in moderate activity and 9 cases (4.49%) in severe activity. IBD patients with different disease activity levels differed in GAD-7 scores, PHQ-9 scores, PSQI scores, and IBD-Q scores (all P<0.001). In IBD patients, anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance, which interact with each other, can further aggravate their disease activity (all P<0.001).

Conclusion: Anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances, and quality of life are strongly correlated with disease activity in IBD patients, and IBD patients with psychological disturbances are most often in the active stage and have a poor quality of life.

Keywords: anxiety; depression; disease activity; inflammatory bowel disease; quality of life; sleep quality; survey.

Grants and funding

The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82170549) funded this manuscript.