Correlation of glycemic control with salivary oxidative markers in subjects with prediabetes and diabetes: A cross-sectional study

Atessa Pakfetrat; Zahra Delavarian; Masoud Mohebbi; Seyed Isaac Hashemy; Zohreh Dalirsani; Ala Ghazi; Habibollah Esmaily; Solmaz Hasani; Samaneh Salari

doi:10.1007/s40200-022-01127-8

Correlation of glycemic control with salivary oxidative markers in subjects with prediabetes and diabetes: A cross-sectional study

J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2023 Feb 25;22(1):267-274. doi: 10.1007/s40200-022-01127-8. eCollection 2023 Jun.

Authors

Atessa Pakfetrat¹, Zahra Delavarian¹, Masoud Mohebbi², Seyed Isaac Hashemy³, Zohreh Dalirsani¹, Ala Ghazi¹, Habibollah Esmaily⁴, Solmaz Hasani², Samaneh Salari^{1

5}

Affiliations

¹ Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
² Metabolic syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
³ Surgical Oncology Reserarch Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
⁴ Department of Epidemiology& Biostatistics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
⁵ Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.

Abstract

Background and aims: Rising levels of oxidative stress play an important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to some assess salivary antioxidants in patients with type 2 diabetes, prediabetes, and healthy control. We also assessed the potential clinical relevance of salivary antioxidants with glycemic control.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 30 prediabetes, 31 type 2 diabetes, and 39 sex-matched normoglycemic individuals. To assess the salivary oxidative status, we measured the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and uric acid (UA) by spectrophotometry.

Results: Salivary MDA levels were significantly higher in individuals with diabetes compared to prediabetes, and control groups (p = 0.001). MDA and SOD were significantly correlated with fasting blood sugar (FBS) and HbA1C (p < 0.001, r = 0.43, p < 0.001, r = 0.34, and p = 0.003, r = 0.29 p = 0.01, r = 0.23 respectively). Salivary TAC was also significantly correlated with FBS (p = 0.02, r = 0.23). Furthermore, salivary MDA was an independent determinant of type 2 diabetic patients compared to healthy subjects (p = 0.04). According to the cutoff point in the ROC curve, the MDA index was below 2.8 in 82.1% of the controls (specificity), and it was above 2.8 in 64.2% of the Individuals with diabetes (sensitivity).

Conclusion: The simultaneous assessment of salivary oxidative and antioxidant factors, revealed weak but a significant positive association between MDA and glycemic status in diabetes. However, further investigations are required to confirm our results.

Keywords: Malondialdehyde; Oxidative stress; Saliva; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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