Biotransformation of white and black mustard grains through germination and enzymatic hydrolysis revealed important metabolites for antioxidant properties and cytotoxic activity against Caco-2 cells

Gabriela Boscariol Rasera; Éder de Vilhena Araújo; Alana Kelyene Pereira; Raquel Bester Liszbinski; Guilherme Pacheco; Taícia Pacheco Fill; Marcelo Bispo de Jesus; Ruann Janser Soares de Castro

doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112881

Biotransformation of white and black mustard grains through germination and enzymatic hydrolysis revealed important metabolites for antioxidant properties and cytotoxic activity against Caco-2 cells

Food Res Int. 2023 Jul:169:112881. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112881. Epub 2023 May 5.

Authors

Gabriela Boscariol Rasera¹, Éder de Vilhena Araújo², Alana Kelyene Pereira³, Raquel Bester Liszbinski³, Guilherme Pacheco⁴, Taícia Pacheco Fill², Marcelo Bispo de Jesus³, Ruann Janser Soares de Castro⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-862, Brazil. Electronic address: g192383@dac.unicamp.br.
² Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-862, Brazil.
³ Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-862, Brazil.
⁴ Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-862, Brazil.
⁵ Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-862, Brazil. Electronic address: ruann@unicamp.br.

PMID: 37254329
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112881

Abstract

Germination and enzymatic hydrolysis are biological processes with well-recognized positive effects on phenolic composition and antioxidant potential. This study aimed to apply those processes to white (Sinapsis alba) and black (Brassica nigra) mustard grains and to analyze the influences on the total phenolic content (TPC); phenolic and peptide profile determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS); antioxidant potential (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays); and cytotoxicity against Caco-2, a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line. Enzyme combinations for hydrolysis were different for each mustard grain, but for both species, enzymatic hydrolysis and germination showed a positive effect on antioxidant properties. From UPLC-HRMS analysis and molecular network studies, 14 peptides and 17 phenolic compounds were identified as metabolites released from mustard after processes application, which were strongly correlated with increased antioxidant activity. In addition, enzymatic hydrolysis applied in germinated mustard grains for both mustards increased the cytotoxic activity against Caco-2 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line.

Keywords: Bioactive peptides; Cytotoxic activity; Enzymatic hydrolysis; Germination; Molecular network; Mustard grains.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Antioxidants* / analysis
Biotransformation
Caco-2 Cells
Humans
Hydrolysis
Mustard Plant* / chemistry
Phenols / analysis
Seeds / chemistry

Substances

Antioxidants
Phenols