Novel Synthesis of CuO/GO Nanocomposites and Their Photocatalytic Potential in the Degradation of Hazardous Industrial Effluents

Farhana Anjum; Mohamed Shaban; Muhammad Ismail; Saima Gul; Esraa M Bakhsh; Murad Ali Khan; Uzma Sharafat; Sher Bahadar Khan; M I Khan

doi:10.1021/acsomega.3c00129

Novel Synthesis of CuO/GO Nanocomposites and Their Photocatalytic Potential in the Degradation of Hazardous Industrial Effluents

ACS Omega. 2023 May 5;8(20):17667-17681. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00129. eCollection 2023 May 23.

Authors

Farhana Anjum¹, Mohamed Shaban^{2

3}, Muhammad Ismail¹, Saima Gul¹, Esraa M Bakhsh⁴, Murad Ali Khan¹, Uzma Sharafat⁵, Sher Bahadar Khan⁴, M I Khan¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat 26000, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
² Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, P. O. Box: 170, Al Madinah Al Monawara 42351, Saudi Arabia.
³ Nanophotonics and Applications (NPA) Lab, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62514, Egypt.
⁴ Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box: 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, Corner Brook, Newfoundland A2H 5G4, Canada.

Abstract

Photocatalytic degradation of dyes has been the subject of extensive study due to its low cost, eco-friendly operation, and absence of secondary pollutants. Copper oxide/graphene oxide (CuO/GO) nanocomposites are emerging as a new class of fascinating materials due to their low cost, nontoxicity, and distinctive properties such as a narrow band gap and good sunlight absorbency. In this study, copper oxide (CuO), graphene oxide (GO), and CuO/GO were synthesized successfully. X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirm the oxidation and production of GO from the graphene of lead pencil. According to the morphological analysis of nanocomposites, CuO nanoparticles of sizes ≤20 nm on the GO sheets were evenly adorned and distributed. Nanocomposites of different CuO:GO ratios (1:1 up to 5:1) were applied for the photocatalytic degradation of methyl red (MR). CuO:GO(1:1) nanocomposites achieved 84% MR dye removal, while CuO:GO(5:1) nanocomposites achieved the highest value (95.48%). The thermodynamic parameters of the reaction for CuO:GO(5:1) were evaluated using the Van't Hoff equation and the activation energy was found to be 44.186 kJ/mol. The reusability test of the nanocomposites showed high stability even after seven cycles. CuO/GO catalysts can be used in the photodegradation of organic pollutants in wastewater at room temperature due to their excellent properties, simple synthesis process, and low cost.