The pattern from the first three rounds of vaccination: declining vaccination rates

Jian Wu; Xinghong Guo; Xue Zhou; Meiyun Wang; Jianqin Gu; Yudong Miao; Clifford Silver Tarimo; Yilin He; Yuhan Xing; Beizhu Ye

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1124548

The pattern from the first three rounds of vaccination: declining vaccination rates

Front Public Health. 2023 May 12:11:1124548. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1124548. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Jian Wu^{1

2}, Xinghong Guo¹, Xue Zhou³, Meiyun Wang⁴, Jianqin Gu⁵, Yudong Miao^{1

2}, Clifford Silver Tarimo¹, Yilin He¹, Yuhan Xing¹, Beizhu Ye¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Health Management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China.
² Henan Province Enginering, Research Center of Health Economy and Health Technology Assessment, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
³ Department of Public Utilities Management, College of Health Management, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China.
⁴ Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
⁵ School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.

Abstract

Introduction: Vaccination rates for the COVID-19 vaccine have recently been stagnant worldwide. We aim to analyze the potential patterns of vaccination development from the first three doses to reveal the possible trends of the next round of vaccination and further explore the factors influencing vaccination in the selected populations.

Methods: On July 2022, a stratified multistage random sampling method in the survey was conducted to select 6,781 people from 4 provinces China, who were above the age of 18 years. Participants were divided into two groups based on whether they had a chronic disease. The data were run through Cochran-Armitage trend test and multivariable regression analyses.

Results: A total of 957 participants with chronic disease and 5,454 participants without chronic disease were included in this survey. Vaccination rates for the first, second and booster doses in chronic disease population were93.70% (95% CI: 92.19-95.27%), 91.12% (95%CI: 94.43-95.59%), and 83.18% (95%CI: 80.80-85.55%) respectively. By contrast, the first, second and booster vaccination rates for the general population were 98.02% (95% CI: 97.65-98.39%), 95.01% (95% CI: 94.43-95.59%) and 85.06% (95% CI: 84.11-86.00%) respectively. The widening gap in vaccination rates was observed as the number of vaccinations increases. Higher self-efficacy was a significant factor in promoting vaccination, which has been observed in all doses of vaccines. Higher education level, middle level physical activity and higher public prevention measures play a positive role in vaccination among the general population, while alcohol consumption acts as a significant positive factor in the chronic disease population (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: As the number of vaccinations increases, the trend of decreasing vaccination rate is becoming more pronounced. In future regular vaccinations, we may face low vaccination rates as the increasing number of infections and the fatigue associated with the prolonged outbreak hamper vaccination. Measures need to be found to counter this downward trend such as improving the self-efficacy of the population.

Keywords: COVID–19; China; booster vaccination; chronic disease; vaccination rates.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adolescent
COVID-19 Vaccines
COVID-19*
Humans
Surveys and Questionnaires
Vaccination
Vaccines*

Substances

COVID-19 Vaccines
Vaccines