This article describes the main acquisitions of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) management presented during the 2023 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Genitourinary Cancers Symposium. In particular, the efficacy of adjuvant pembrolizumab in patients with resected renal cell carcinoma (RCC) at increased risk of recurrence was confirmed through a subgroup analysis. In the metastatic setting, the updated analysis of the CheckMate 9ER study confirmed the efficacy in terms of overall survival (OS) of the combination of nivolumab plus cabozantinib; of note, this survival advantage was clear in the subgroup of patients at poor IMDC prognosis, but not in favorable IMDC risk group patients. As concern the triplet therapy (i.e. nivolumab+ipilumumab+cabozantinib), the updated analysis of the COSMIC-313 study confirmed a significant PFS advantage in the subgroup of mRCC patients at intermediate IMDC risk, while the lack of benefit in the poor risk group supports the critical role of immunotherapy (but not of VEGFR-TKIs) in this poor prognosis subgroup of patients. Finally, the activity of cabozantinib as second-line therapy after progression to ICI-based combinations was prospectively assessed. This 2023 ASCO Genitourinary Cancer Symposium laid the foundations for further knowledge development necessary for an increasingly personalized management of mRCC.
Keywords: 2023 ASCO genitourinary cancer symposium; IMDC groups; VEGFR-TKI; biomarkers; immunotherapy; renal cell carcinoma.