How is online self-reported weight compared with image-captured weight? A comparative study using data from an online longitudinal study of young adults

Am J Clin Nutr. 2023 Aug;118(2):452-458. doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.05.029. Epub 2023 May 27.

Abstract

Background: Accurate anthropometric measurement is important within epidemiological studies and clinical practice. Traditionally, self-reported weight is validated against in-person weight measurement.

Objectives: This study aimed to 1) determine the comparison of online self-reported weight against images of weight captured on scales in a young adult sample, 2) compare this across body mass index (BMI), gender, country, and age groups, and 3) explore demographics of those who did/did not provide a weight image.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from a 12-mo longitudinal study of young adults in Australia and the UK was conducted. Data were collected by online survey via Prolific research recruitment platform. Self-reported weight and sociodemographics (for example, age, gender) were collected for the whole sample (n = 512), and images of weight for a subset (n = 311). Tests included Wilcoxon signed-rank test to evaluate differences between measures, Pearson correlation to explore the strength of the linear relationship, and Bland-Altman plots to evaluate agreement.

Results: Self-reported weight [median (interquartile range), 92.5 kg (76.7-112.0)] and image-captured weight [93.8 kg (78.8-112.8)] were significantly different (z = -6.76, P < 0.001), but strongly correlated (r = 0.983, P < 0.001). In the Bland-Altman plot [mean difference -0.99 kg (-10.83, 8.84)], most values were within limits of agreement (2 standard deviation). Correlations remained high across BMI, gender, country, and age groups (r > 0.870, P < 0.002). Participants with BMI in ranges 30-34.9 and 35-39.9 kg/m2 were less likely to provide an image.

Conclusions: This study demonstrates the method concordance of image-based collection methods with self-reported weight in online research.

Keywords: online; self-report; validation; weight; young adults.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Body Height*
  • Body Mass Index
  • Body Weight
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Humans
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Self Report
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Young Adult