Oxygen uptake rate versus CO2 based respiration rate for assessment of the biological stability of peat, plant fibers and woody materials with high C:N ratio versus composts

Abstract

The biological stability of organic materials predicts their performance when used as either a soil improver or as an ingredient in growing media. CO₂ release in a static measurement and O₂ consumption rate (OUR) were compared for seven groups of growing media components. The ratio between CO₂ release and OUR was matrix-specific. This ratio was highest for plant fibers high in C:N and with a high risk of N immobilization, intermediate for wood fiber and woody composts, and lowest for peat and other compost types. The effect of variable test conditions in the OUR setup was assessed for plant fibers, where addition of mineral N and/or nitrification inhibitor had no effect on the OUR measurements. Testing at 30 °C instead of 20 °C resulted in higher OUR values as expected, but did not change the effect of mineral N dose. A strong increase in the CO₂ flux was measured when plant fibers were mixed with mineral fertilizer; in contrast, addition of mineral N or fertilizer before or during the OUR test had no effect. The present experimental setup did not allow for differentiation between a higher CO₂ release as a result of increased microbial respiration after adding mineral N versus an underestimation of stability due to N limitation in the dynamic OUR setup. Results indicate that type of material, C:N ratio and risk of N immobilization all appear to affect the OUR results. The OUR criteria may therefore require clear differentiation based on the different materials used in horticultural substrates.

Keywords: Biodegradation test; Biological stability indicator; Growing media components; Paludiculture; Wood fiber; circular horticulture.