Secondary Mitral Regurgitation and Heart Failure: Current Advances in Diagnosis and Management

Muhammed Gerçek; Akhil Narang; Jyothy J Puthumana; Charles J Davidson; Volker Rudolph

doi:10.1016/j.hfc.2023.02.010

Secondary Mitral Regurgitation and Heart Failure: Current Advances in Diagnosis and Management

Heart Fail Clin. 2023 Jul;19(3):307-315. doi: 10.1016/j.hfc.2023.02.010. Epub 2023 Apr 4.

Authors

Muhammed Gerçek¹, Akhil Narang², Jyothy J Puthumana², Charles J Davidson², Volker Rudolph³

Affiliations

¹ Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Heart- und Diabetes Center NRW, Ruhr University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany; Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. Electronic address: mugercek@hdz-nrw.de.
² Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
³ Clinic for General and Interventional Cardiology/Angiology, Heart- und Diabetes Center NRW, Ruhr University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.

PMID: 37230646
DOI: 10.1016/j.hfc.2023.02.010

Abstract

The causes of mitral regurgitation (MR) can be broadly divided into primary and secondary causes. Although primary MR is caused by degenerative alterations of the mitral valve and the mitral valve apparatus, secondary (functional) MR is multifactorial and related to dilation of the left ventricle and/or mitral annulus commonly resulting in concomitant restriction of the leaflets. Therefore, the treatment of secondary MR (SMR) is complex and includes guideline directed heart failure therapy along with surgical and transcatheter approaches that have shown effectiveness in certain subgroups. This review aims to provide insight into current advances in diagnosis and management of SMR.

Keywords: MitraClip; PASCAL; Secondary mitral regurgitation; Transcatheter mitral valve repair; Transcatheter mitral valve replacement.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Cardiac Catheterization / methods
Heart Failure* / diagnosis
Heart Failure* / etiology
Heart Failure* / therapy
Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation*
Humans
Mitral Valve / diagnostic imaging
Mitral Valve / surgery
Mitral Valve Insufficiency* / diagnosis
Mitral Valve Insufficiency* / etiology
Mitral Valve Insufficiency* / surgery
Treatment Outcome