Background: Despite advances in cardiovascular medicine, coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a leading cause of mortality. Among the pathophysiological features of this condition, platelet-leukocyte aggregates (PLAs) require further attention, either as diagnostic/prognostic disease markers or as potential interventional targets.
Objectives: In this study, we characterized PLAs in patients with CAD. Primarily, we investigated the association of PLA levels with CAD diagnosis. In addition, the basal levels of platelet activation and degranulation were assessed in patients with CAD and controls, and their correlation with PLA levels was analyzed. Finally, the effect of antiplatelet treatments on circulating PLA numbers, basal platelet activation, and degranulation was studied in patients with CAD.
Methods: Participants were recruited at the Department of Cardiology of the University Heart and Vascular Centre Hamburg Eppendorf. Among patients admitted with severe chest pain, the diagnosis of CAD was made angiographically, and patients without CAD were used as controls. PLAs, platelet activation, and platelet degranulation were assessed by flow cytometry.
Results: Circulating PLAs and basal platelet degranulation levels were significantly higher in patients with CAD than in controls. Surprisingly, there was no significant correlation between PLA levels and platelet degranulation (or any other measured parameter). In addition, patients with CAD on antiplatelet therapy did not display lower PLA or platelet degranulation levels compared with those in controls.
Conclusion: Overall, these data suggest a mechanism of PLA formation that is independent of platelet activation or degranulation and highlights the inefficiency of current antiplatelet treatments for the prevention of basal platelet degranulation and PLA formation.
Keywords: antiplatelet; coronary artery disease; leukocyte; platelet; thromboinflammation.
Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.