Moderate-intensity continuous training has time-specific effects on the lipid metabolism of adolescents

Haifeng Zhang; Jianming Liu; Mingming Cui; Huixia Chai; Lanmu Chen; Ting Zhang; Jing Mi; Hongyan Guan; Li Zhao

doi:10.2478/jtim-2022-0050

Moderate-intensity continuous training has time-specific effects on the lipid metabolism of adolescents

J Transl Int Med. 2023 Mar 9;11(1):57-69. doi: 10.2478/jtim-2022-0050. eCollection 2023 Mar.

Authors

Haifeng Zhang¹, Jianming Liu², Mingming Cui¹, Huixia Chai³, Lanmu Chen⁴, Ting Zhang¹, Jing Mi², Hongyan Guan¹, Li Zhao⁴

Affiliations

¹ Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China.
² School of Competitive Sports, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China.
³ School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 26100, Shandong Province, China.
⁴ Department of Exercise Physiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China.

Abstract

Background and objectives: Moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) is used to observe lipidomic effects in adults. However, the efects of MICT on lipid metabolism in adolescents remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to longitudinally characterize the lipid profile in adolescents during different periods of 6-week MICT.

Methods: Fifteen adolescents undertook bicycle training at 65% of maximal oxygen consumption. Plasma samples were collected at four time points (T0, T1, T2, and T3). Targeted lipidomics was assessed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to characterize the plasma lipid profiles of the participants to identify the lipids present at differing concentrations and changes in lipid species with time.

Results: MICT afected the plasma lipid profiles of the adolescents. The concentrations of diglycerides, phosphatidylinositol, lysophosphatidic acid, lysophosphatidylcholine, and lysophosphatidylethanolamine were increased at T1, decreased at T2, and increased again at T3. Fatty acids (FAs) showed an opposite trend. Ether-linked alkylphosphatidylcholine and triglycerides were significantly increased and remained high. Sphingolipid concentrations initially decreased and then remained low. Therefore, a single bout of exercise had substantial efects on lipid metabolism, but by T3, fewer lipid species were present at significantly diferent concentrations and the magnitudes of the remaining diferences were smaller than those at earlier times. Among all the changed lipids, only DG(14:1/18:1), HexCer(d18:1/22:1) and FA(22:0) showed no significant correlations with any other 51 lipids (P < 0.05). Glycerides and phospholipids showed positive correlations with each other (P < 0.05), but FAs were significantly negatively correlated with glycerides and phospholipids while positively with other FAs (P < 0.05). Pathway enrichment analysis showed that 50% of the metabolic pathways represented were related to lipid metabolism and lipid biosynthesis.

Conclusion: MICT increases ether-linked alkylphosphatidylcholine and triglyceride concentrations. Diglyceride, phosphatidylinositol, and lysophosphatidylcholine concentrations initially rise and then decrease 6 weeks after MICT, but FA concentrations show an opposite trend. These changes might correlate with lipid metabolism or biosynthesis pathways.

Keywords: adolescent; lipid profile; moderate-intensity continuous training.

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology Winter Olympics Program (No. 2018YFF0300405), public service development and reform pilot project of Beijing Medical Research Institute (BMR2019-11), and the Special Fund of the Pediatric Medical Coordinated Development Center of Beijing Hospitals Authority (XTZD20180402).