Patterns and Trends of Facial Fractures at a Tertiary Care Trauma Center in India - A 13 years Retrospective Study

Debraj Shome; Monika Surana; Shiva Ram Male; Vaibhav Kumar; Supriya S Vyavahare; Arundha Abrol; Rinky Kapoor

doi:10.1177/19433875221084172

Patterns and Trends of Facial Fractures at a Tertiary Care Trauma Center in India - A 13 years Retrospective Study

Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr. 2023 Jun;16(2):112-120. doi: 10.1177/19433875221084172. Epub 2022 Apr 19.

Authors

Debraj Shome¹, Monika Surana², Shiva Ram Male³, Vaibhav Kumar⁴, Supriya S Vyavahare⁵, Arundha Abrol⁶, Rinky Kapoor⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Facial Plastic Surgery & Facial Cosmetic Surgery & Director, The Esthetic Clinics, India.
² Fellow, Facial Plastic Surgery & Facial Cosmetic Surgery, The Esthetic Clinics, India.
³ PhD research scholar, Optometry and vision sciences, School of Medical sciences, University of Hyderabad, India.
⁴ Clinical Research Coordinator, The Esthetic Clinics, India.
⁵ Faculty, Late Shri Yashwantrao Chavan Memorial Medical & Rural Development Foundation's Dental College, Ahmednagar, India.
⁶ Fellow, Dermatology, Cosmetic Dermatology & Dermato-Surgery, The Esthetic Clinics, India.
⁷ Department of Dermatology, Cosmetic Dermatology & Dermato-Surgery & Director, The Esthetic Clinics, India.

PMID: 37222983
PMCID: PMC10201195 (available on 2024-06-01)
DOI: 10.1177/19433875221084172

Abstract

Study design: Retrospective study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively analyze the prevalence, pattern, diagnosis, and treatment of the facial fractures falling under ambit of facial plastic surgery in a multi-specialty hospital at India from the year 2006-2019.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 1508 patients, having orbital fractures (from 2006 to 2019) for demographic data, cause of trauma, type of fracture, and the treatment given. The data were compiled in excel and analyzed by using SPSS version 21.0.

Results: Out of these 1508 patient (1127 (74.73%)-males and 381 (25.27%)-females), the etiology of injuries was Road traffic accident (RTA) (49.20%), assault (26.52%), and sports injuries (11.47%). The most common fracture pattern was Isolated Orbit and/or Orbital Floor fracture in 451 patients (32.08%), followed by Mid-facial fractures (21.93%). Also, 105 patients (6.96%) experienced ocular/retinal trauma along with other fractures.

Conclusions: Orbit, peri-ocular, and mid-face trauma comprised a large position of this study. It requires a great deal of expertise to treat such complex trauma, which is not covered in one specialty alone. Hence, a holistic approach of craniofacial fracture management, rather than limiting these skills to water-tight craniofacial compartments becomes necessary. The study highlights the critical need of multidisciplinary approach for predictable and successful management of such complex cases.

Keywords: facial fracture; facial plastic surgery; craniofacial trauma; oculoplastic surgery.