Significant elevated CXCL14 and decreased IL-39 levels in patients with tuberculosis

Min Ding; Hong-Xu Wang; Si-Jia Gao; Xiao-Fei Lai; An-Long Li; Jia-Jia Bao; Felycia-Fernanda Hosyanto; Lei Xu

doi:10.1515/biol-2022-0594

Significant elevated CXCL14 and decreased IL-39 levels in patients with tuberculosis

Open Life Sci. 2023 May 18;18(1):20220594. doi: 10.1515/biol-2022-0594. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Min Ding¹, Hong-Xu Wang², Si-Jia Gao³, Xiao-Fei Lai², An-Long Li³, Jia-Jia Bao⁴, Felycia-Fernanda Hosyanto⁵, Lei Xu³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
² Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
³ Pathogenic Biology Department, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
⁴ Hospital-Acquired Infection Control Department, First People's Hospital of Jintang County, Chengdu, 610499, China.
⁵ Department of Clinical Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.

Abstract

To explore the serum levels of IL-39, CXCL14, and IL-19 in patients with tuberculosis (TB) along with their clinical significances and their concentration changes in macrophages after Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine (BCG) or Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) H37Rv stimulation in vitro. The serum levels of IL-39, CXCL14, and IL-19 of 38 TB patients, and 20 healthy staff members were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Moreover, the levels of IL-19, CXCL14, and IL-39 in cultured THP-1 macrophages were detected at 12, 24, and 48 h after stimulation with BCG or M. tb H37Rv strains. It was found the serum level of IL-39 was significantly reduced and CXCL14 was remarkably elevated in TB patients. In vitro, at 48 h after stimulation, IL-39 level of cultured THP-1 macrophages in the H37Rv group was significantly lower than that in the BCG and control groups, and the CXCL14 level of cultured THP-1 macrophages in the H37Rv stimulation group was remarkably higher than that in the control group. Therefore, IL-39 and CXCL14 may be involved the pathogenesis of TB, and serum IL-39 and CXCL14 could potentially serve as a new biomarker of TB.

Keywords: BCG; CXCL14; IL-39; biomarker; cytokine; tuberculosis.