Organizational injustice and sickness absence: The moderating role of locked-in status

Paraskevi Peristera; Johanna Stengård; Constanze Eib; Claudia Bernhard-Oettel; Constanze Leineweber

doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101427

Organizational injustice and sickness absence: The moderating role of locked-in status

SSM Popul Health. 2023 May 13:23:101427. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101427. eCollection 2023 Sep.

Authors

Paraskevi Peristera¹, Johanna Stengård¹, Constanze Eib^{1

2}, Claudia Bernhard-Oettel¹, Constanze Leineweber¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
² Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

Abstract

Organizational injustice is known to negatively affect employees' health and to increase the risk for sickness absence. The negative health effects are also known to be more pronounced in uncontrollable, strain increasing, situations at the workplace. This study tests whether locked-in status, i.e., being stuck in a non-preferred workplace, modifies the associations between injustice perceptions and frequent (≥2 times/yr) and long ( $\geq$ 8 days/yr) sickness absence. The sample contained 2631 permanent employees from the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health in 2018 and 2020. Multigroup structural equation modelling was used to compare the proposed relationships between employees who are locked-in in their workplace and employees who are not. We found a positive association between higher overall organizational injustice and long sickness absence two years later, with the association being stronger for the locked-in group. Also, higher injustice was associated with more frequent sickness absence, but only for those not being locked-in. Employees being locked-in seem to have higher risk of long-term sickness absence which might indicate more serious health problems. Employees not being locked-in more often take short sickness absence, which could indicate a coping behaviour to handle high strain. This study adds knowledge to the role of locked-in status as a moderator in the much-studied relationship between organizational justice and health as well as to the multiple reasons underlying sickness absence.

Keywords: Duration of sickness absence; Frequent and short sickness absence; Locked-in status; Longitudinal SEM models; Organizational overall (in)justice.