Objective: The causative and prognostic roles of human papillomavirus (HPV) in non-oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck are uncertain. This umbrella review assessed the strength and quality of evidence and graded the evidence derived from published meta-analyses on this subject.
Data sources: MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched. Meta-analyses of observational studies and randomized trials were included.
Review methods: Evidence of association was graded according to the established criteria: strong, highly suggestive, suggestive, weak, or not significant.
Results: 15 meta-analyses were evaluated. The association with HPV was highly suggestive of oral (OR = 2.40, [1.87-3.07], P < 0.00001) and nasopharyngeal cancers (OR = 17.82 [11.20-28.35], P < 0.00001). Improved survival emerged only in hypopharyngeal carcinoma and was confirmed in studies in which only p16 + cancers were considered.
Conclusion: HPV infection may increase the risk of oral cavity and nasopharyngeal cancer. However, the prognosis was not influenced, except in hypopharyngeal carcinoma.
Keywords: Cancer; HPV; Head and neck; Meta-analysis; Non-oropharyngeal; Umbrella review.
© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.