COPS3 inhibition promotes cell proliferation blockage and anoikis via regulating PFKFB3 in osteosarcoma cancer cells

Abstract

As a key component of the COP9 signalosome complex, which participates in a variety of physiological processes, COPS3 is intimately related to multiple cancers. It promotes cell proliferation, progression and metastasis in several cancer cells. However, whether COPS3 participates in regulating anoikis, a specific kind of apoptosis and functions as an essential modulator of cell metastasis, has not yet been studied. Here, we found COPS3 is highly expressed in several cancers especially in osteosarcoma (OS). Overexpression of COPS3 promoted cell proliferation, cell viability and migration/invasion in both control cells and oxaliplatin (Oxa) treated cells. On the contrary, knockdown of COPS3 further enhanced the cytotoxicity of Oxa. Utilizing bioinformatics analysis, we found that COPS3 was higher expressed in the metastatic group, and associated with the extra-cellular matrix (ECM) receptor interaction pathway, which involve in regulating anoikis. In an anoikis model, COPS3 expression varied and genetic modification of COPS3 influenced the cell death enhanced by Oxa. PFKFB3, an essential modulator of glycolysis, was found to interact with COPS3. Inhibition of PFKFB3 promoted apoptosis and anoikis enhanced by Oxa, and COPS3 overexpression failed to rescue this cell death. On the contrary, in the COPS3 knockdown cells, overexpression of PFKFB3 recovered the anoikis resistance, indicating COPS3 function upstream of PFKFB3. In summary, our results elucidated that COPS3 modulated anoikis via affecting PFKFB3 in OS cancer cells.

Keywords: Anoikis; COPS3; Osteosarcoma; Oxaliplatin; PFKFB3.