The Effect of Obesity on Gastrointestinal Disease

Jessica E S Shay; Amandeep Singh

doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2023.03.008

The Effect of Obesity on Gastrointestinal Disease

Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2023 Jun;52(2):403-415. doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2023.03.008. Epub 2023 Apr 7.

Authors

Jessica E S Shay¹, Amandeep Singh²

Affiliations

¹ Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Wang Building, 5th Floor, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Koch Institute at MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
² Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Wang Building, 5th Floor, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Wang Building, 5th Floor, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Electronic address: ASINGH@mgh.harvard.edu.

PMID: 37197882
DOI: 10.1016/j.gtc.2023.03.008

Abstract

Obesity exerts both direct and indirect effects on gastrointestinal function. From physical effects of central adiposity on intragastric pressure resulting in higher incidence of reflux to dyslipidemia and effects on gallstone disease, the gastrointestinal manifestations of obesity are wide-ranging. Of particular emphasis is the identification and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease including non-invasive assessment and lifestyle and pharmacologic interventions for patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Additional focus is on the impact of obesity and western diet on intestinal disorders and colorectal cancer. Bariatric interventions involving the gastrointestinal tract are also discussed.

Keywords: Barrett’s esophagus; Cholelithiasis; Colorectal cancer; Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Gastroesophageal Reflux*
Gastrointestinal Diseases* / etiology
Gastrointestinal Diseases* / therapy
Humans
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease* / etiology
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease* / therapy
Obesity / complications
Obesity / epidemiology