Case Report: Infectious prophylaxis in hematological malignancies

Mauro Passucci; Chiara Masucci; Francesca Paoletti; Claudia Ielo; Alessandro Costa; Ida Carmosino; Emilia Scalzulli; Maurizio Martelli; Giuseppe Gentile; Massimo Breccia

doi:10.3389/fonc.2023.1163175

Case Report: Infectious prophylaxis in hematological malignancies

Front Oncol. 2023 May 1:13:1163175. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1163175. eCollection 2023.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Policlinico Umberto I, La Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
² Hematology Unit, Businco Hospital, ARNAS G. Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy.

Abstract

Patients with hematological malignancies and past serological evidence of hepatitis B are at risk for HBV reactivation. In myeloproliferative neoplasms, continuous treatment with the JAK 1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib confers a moderate risk of reactivation (1-10%); nevertheless, no prospective randomized data are available to strongly recommend HBV prophylaxis in these patients. Here, we report a case of primary myelofibrosis and past serological evidence of HBV infection, treated with ruxolitinib and concomitant lamivudine, developing HBV reactivation due to premature withdrawal of prophylaxis. This case underlines the potential need for persistent HBV prophylaxis in the setting of ruxolitinib treatment.

Keywords: HBV reactivation; myelofibrosis; prophylaxis; ruxolitinib; tenofovir.

Publication types

Case Reports