Recent progress of TP/NIR fluorescent probes for metal ions

Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2023 Aug:75:102321. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102321. Epub 2023 May 15.

Abstract

Metal ions are of significance in various pathological and physiological processes. As such, it is crucial to monitor their levels in organisms. Two-photon (TP) and near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging has been utilized to monitor metal ions because of minimal background interference, deeper tissue depth penetration, lower tissue self-absorption, and reduced photodamage. In this review, we briefly summarize recent progress from 2020 to 2022 of TP/NIR organic fluorescent probes and inorganic sensors in the detection of metal ions. Additionally, we present an outlook for the development of TP/NIR probes for bio-imaging, diagnosis of diseases, imaging-guided therapy, and activatable phototherapy.

Keywords: Fluorescence imaging; Fluorescent probes; Metal ions; Near-infrared; Two-photon.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Fluorescent Dyes*
  • Ions
  • Metals*
  • Optical Imaging

Substances

  • Fluorescent Dyes
  • Metals
  • Ions