SOLVe: a closed-loop system focused on protective mechanical ventilation

Biomed Eng Online. 2023 May 16;22(1):47. doi: 10.1186/s12938-023-01111-0.

Abstract

Background: Mechanical ventilation is an essential component in the treatment of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Prompt adaptation of the settings of a ventilator to the variable needs of patients is essential to ensure personalised and protective ventilation. Still, it is challenging and time-consuming for the therapist at the bedside. In addition, general implementation barriers hinder the timely incorporation of new evidence from clinical studies into routine clinical practice.

Results: We present a system combing clinical evidence and expert knowledge within a physiological closed-loop control structure for mechanical ventilation. The system includes multiple controllers to support adequate gas exchange while adhering to multiple evidence-based components of lung protective ventilation. We performed a pilot study on three animals with an induced ARDS. The system achieved a time-in-target of over 75 % for all targets and avoided any critical phases of low oxygen saturation, despite provoked disturbances such as disconnections from the ventilator and positional changes of the subject.

Conclusions: The presented system can provide personalised and lung-protective ventilation and reduce clinician workload in clinical practice.

Keywords: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; Physiological closed-loop control; Protective ventilation.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Lung
  • Pilot Projects
  • Respiration
  • Respiration, Artificial*
  • Respiratory Distress Syndrome* / therapy
  • Tidal Volume / physiology