Relation of the left ventricular geometric patten to coronary artery disease in hypertensive patients using a 320-detector-row CT scanner

Ahmed Shehata Mohamed Ismail; Mohamed Ahmed Aouf; Reda Hussein Diab; Yasser Kamel Baghdady

doi:10.1186/s43044-023-00360-7

Relation of the left ventricular geometric patten to coronary artery disease in hypertensive patients using a 320-detector-row CT scanner

Egypt Heart J. 2023 Apr 26;75(1):34. doi: 10.1186/s43044-023-00360-7.

Authors

Ahmed Shehata Mohamed Ismail¹, Mohamed Ahmed Aouf², Reda Hussein Diab², Yasser Kamel Baghdady²

Affiliations

¹ Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. Ahmed.Ismail@kasralainy.edu.eg.
² Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

Abstract

Background: It was estimated that about 1.3 billion people were diagnosed to be hypertensive in 2015. All countries consistently show this high prevalence. Ischemic heart disease stands as the most common cause of systolic blood pressure-related deaths per year. Left ventricular hypertrophy determined by echocardiography can predict cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The question of whether the LV geometric pattern has an additional prognostic value is still not clearly answered. Currently, coronary computed tomography is widely used in clinical practice with a great capability of simultaneous evaluation of the LV mass and the coronary arterial tree. Our study aims to examine the relationship between LV mass and geometry and coronary artery disease using an ECG-gated 320-detector- row CT scanner.

Results: Two hundred ninety-eight hypertensive Egyptian individuals were enrolled in our study, the mean age was 57.5 ± 10.5, and males comprised 76.5% of the study population. The mean LV mass and LV mass index were 193 ± 60 gm and 95.2 ± 27.5 g/m² respectively. One-fifth of the patient had CAD luminal stenosis ≥ 50%. Normal LV geometric pattern was observed in about 37% of the study population. About one-third of the patients showed concentric remodeling. Patients with increased LV mass index represented one-third of the study population with a greater percentage of the concentric hypertrophy pattern than the eccentric hypertrophy pattern. Patients with high CAD-RADS showed statistically significant higher LV mass, LV mass index, and septal wall thickness. Patients with high CAD-RADS showed a greater percentage of concentric and eccentric hypertrophy. The LV geometric pattern was the only independent predictor of the high CAD-RADS. The LV geometric patterns associated with high RADS ordered from the highest to the lowest, were concentric LVH, Eccentric LV, and concentric remodeling.

Conclusions: LV geometric pattern is the only independent predictor of high CAD-RADS after adjustment for LV mass index and septal wall thickness. Among abnormal LV geometric patterns, concentric hypertrophy stands as the most important predictor of high CAD-RADS.

Keywords: CT; LV geometric pattern; LV mass; Left ventricular hypertrophy.