Risk factors in post-dural puncture headache

Abstract

Introduction: Post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is the most common complication following lumbar puncture. However, its incidence varies according to the series consulted. Different factors associated with its onset have been identified.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine the incidence of PDPH and to identify predisposing factors for its appearance.

Method: Prospective, descriptive study in 57 patients who underwent lumbar puncture procedures. To this end, variables associated with patient-related risk factors, clinical and procedural factors with the presence of PDPH were analysed. The incidence of PDPH was 38.6% and factors associated with onset included young age and previous history of headache.

Results: The incidence of PDPH was higher in women and presented greater intensity in this group, though studies with a larger sample size would need to be conducted.

Conclusions: We must bear in mind the factors associated with the appearance of PDPH, which include: young age, history of headache, and the perception of procedural difficulty, to better inform patients and optimise the techniques used.

Keywords: Cefalea; Cefalea pospunción dural; Factores de riesgo; Headache; Lumbar puncture; Neurology; Neurología; Post-dural puncture headache; Punción lumbar; Risk factors.