Deep ocean water alters the cholesterol and mineral metabolism of squid Todarodes pacificus and suppresses its weight loss

Kaito Hatano; Masa-Aki Yoshida; Jun Hirayama; Yoichiro Kitani; Atsuhiko Hattori; Shouzo Ogiso; Yukina Watabe; Toshio Sekiguchi; Yoshiaki Tabuchi; Makoto Urata; Kyoko Matsumoto; Akihiro Sakatoku; Ajai K Srivastav; Kenji Toyota; Hajime Matsubara; Nobuo Suzuki

doi:10.1038/s41598-023-34443-x

Deep ocean water alters the cholesterol and mineral metabolism of squid Todarodes pacificus and suppresses its weight loss

Sci Rep. 2023 May 10;13(1):7591. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-34443-x.

Authors

Kaito Hatano^#¹, Masa-Aki Yoshida^#², Jun Hirayama³, Yoichiro Kitani¹, Atsuhiko Hattori⁴, Shouzo Ogiso¹, Yukina Watabe¹, Toshio Sekiguchi¹, Yoshiaki Tabuchi⁵, Makoto Urata⁶, Kyoko Matsumoto⁶, Akihiro Sakatoku⁷, Ajai K Srivastav⁸, Kenji Toyota¹, Hajime Matsubara⁹, Nobuo Suzuki¹⁰

Affiliations

¹ Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Ogi, Noto-cho, Ishikawa, 927-0553, Japan.
² Marine Biological Science Section, Education and Research Center for Biological Resources, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, Oki, Shimane, 685-0024, Japan.
³ Department of Clinical Engineering, Faculty of Health Sciences and Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Sustainable Systems Science, Komatsu University, Komatsu, Ishikawa, 923-0961, Japan.
⁴ Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Ichikawa, Chiba, 272-0827, Japan.
⁵ Life Science Research Center, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
⁶ Institute of Noto Satoumi Education and Studies, Ogi, Noto-cho, Ishikawa, 927-0553, Japan.
⁷ School of Science, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Gofuku, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan.
⁸ Department of Zoology, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, 273-009, India.
⁹ Noto Center for Fisheries Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Ossaka, Noto-cho, Ishikawa, 927-0552, Japan.
¹⁰ Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Ogi, Noto-cho, Ishikawa, 927-0553, Japan. nobuos@staff.kanazawa-u.ac.jp.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

This study is the first to demonstrate that deep ocean water (DOW) has physiological significant effects on squid. After 36 h of rearing squids, those reared with DOW had significantly higher total and free cholesterol levels and lower alanine transaminase activity in hemolymph as compared with those reared with surface sea water (SSW). SSW rearing also resulted in 6.95% weight loss, while DOW rearing caused only 2.5% weight loss, which might be due to liver metabolism suppression. Furthermore, both monovalent (sodium, chloride, and potassium ions) and divalent (calcium, inorganic phosphorus, and magnesium ions) ions in hemolymph were elevated when reared with DOW compared to those when reared with SSW. A study of genes expressed in the brain revealed that five genes were specifically remarked in DOW rearing. Most altered genes were neuropeptides, including those from vasopressin superfamily. These neuropeptides are involved in cholesterol and/or mineral metabolisms and physiological significant effects on squid. This study is the first report the effects of DOW on cholesterol and mineral metabolism of squid and will contribute to squid aquaculture using DOW.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Cholesterol
Decapodiformes* / genetics
Minerals
Oceans and Seas
Water*

Substances

Water
Cholesterol
Minerals