The correlation of vitamin D level with body mass index in women with PCOS

Artur Nowak; Mariusz Wojtowicz; Kamil Baranski; Dominika Galczynska; Jakub Daniluk; Dagmara Pluta

doi:10.5603/GP.a2023.0037

The correlation of vitamin D level with body mass index in women with PCOS

Ginekol Pol. 2023 May 10. doi: 10.5603/GP.a2023.0037. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Artur Nowak¹, Mariusz Wojtowicz², Kamil Baranski³, Dominika Galczynska⁴, Jakub Daniluk⁵, Dagmara Pluta⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinic of Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
² Department of Gynecological and Obstetrics, Women's and Child Health Center, Medical University of Silesia, Poland.
³ Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland, Poland.
⁴ Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland, Poland.
⁵ Students Scientific Association of Gynecological Endocrinology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
⁶ Department of Gynecological Endocrinology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland, Poland. dpluta@sum.edu.pl.

PMID: 37162141
DOI: 10.5603/GP.a2023.0037

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyze correlation between vitamin D level and BMI in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women.

Material and methods: The study group consisted of 311 patients with PCOS. Patients were categorized according to four phenotypes. All of the women participating in the study had their blood tested in the appropriate phase of the menstrual cycle and after proper preparation for the tests. The ultrasound examination and anthropometric measurements were performed.

Results: Vitamin D concentration was assessed in all study subgroups. The majority of patients had vitamin D deficiency or insufficient level. Variables included in the study, such as level of vitamin D, low density lipoprotein (LDL), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone, androstenedione, Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) and BMI were correlated. A negative correlation was observed with the the level of SHBG, vitamin D and AMH. Subsequently, positive correlations were shown with testosterone, LDL and free testosterone level. An analysis of the correlation between BMI and vitamin D concentration showed that in phenotype I of PCOS this correlation was statistically significant and in the remaining PCOS phenotypes the correlation was close to statistical significance.

Conclusions: Most PCOS patients have a deficiency or insufficient level of vitamin D. Women with PCOS have shown a significant negative correlation between BMI and SHBG serum level and between BMI and AMH level. A positive correlation exists between BMI and total and free testosterone and LDL. There is a negative correlation between BMI and vitamin D level in PCOS patients and in phenotype I this correlation was statistically significant.

Keywords: body mass index; polycystic ovary syndrome; vitamin D.