Assessment of Effective Antimicrobial Regimens and Mortality-Related Risk Factors for Bloodstream Infections Caused by Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

Shumin Gu; Jianqiu Xiong; Suqin Peng; Longhua Hu; Hongying Zhu; Yanping Xiao; Hong Luo; Yaping Hang; Yanhui Chen; Xueyao Fang; Xingwei Cao; Youling Fang; Fuxing Li; Junqi Zhu; Qiaoshi Zhong

doi:10.2147/IDR.S408927

Assessment of Effective Antimicrobial Regimens and Mortality-Related Risk Factors for Bloodstream Infections Caused by Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

Infect Drug Resist. 2023 May 1:16:2589-2600. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S408927. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Shumin Gu^#¹, Jianqiu Xiong^#², Suqin Peng¹, Longhua Hu¹, Hongying Zhu³, Yanping Xiao¹, Hong Luo¹, Yaping Hang¹, Yanhui Chen¹, Xueyao Fang¹, Xingwei Cao¹, Youling Fang¹, Fuxing Li¹, Junqi Zhu¹, Qiaoshi Zhong¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Medicine, Clinical Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China.
² Departmentof Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China.
³ Clinical Laboratory of Ganzhou People's Hospital, Ganzhou, People's Republic of China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine the clinical features, risk factors, and effective antimicrobial therapy for Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) bloodstream infection (BSI).

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of data from patients with CRAB bacteremia in a Chinese tertiary hospital between January 2012 and October 2021. Risk factors, predictors of 30-day mortality, and effective antimicrobial therapy for CRAB BSI were identified using logistic and cox regression analyses.

Results: Data from 276 patients with Acinetobacter baumannii (AB) BSI were included, of whom 157 (56.9%) had CRAB BSI. The risk factors that were significantly associated with CRAB BSI included previous intensive care unit (ICU) stay (P < 0.001), immunocompromised status (P < 0.001), cephalosporin use (P = 0.014), and fluoroquinolone use (P = 0.007). The 30-day mortality of the CRAB BSI group was 49.7% (78/157). ICU stay after BSI (P = 0.047), sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score ≥10 (P < 0.001), and multiple organ failure (MOF) (P = 0.037) were independent predictors of 30-day mortality. Among antibiotic strategies for the treatment of patients with CRAB BSI, we found that definitive regimens containing cefoperazone/sulbactam were superior to those without cefoperazone/sulbactam in reducing the 30-day mortality rate (25.4% vs 53.4%, P = 0.005). After propensity score matching, we observed a significant increase in the 30-day mortality (77.8%vs 33.3%, P = 0.036) in patients receiving tigecycline monotherapy compared to those receiving cefoperazone/sulbactam monotherapy. The mortality rate of patients receiving tigecycline with cefoperazone/sulbactam was also higher than that of patients receiving cefoperazone-sulbactam monotherapy; however, the difference was not significant (28.6%vs 19.0%, P = 0.375).

Conclusion: The severity of patient conditions was significantly associated with mortality in patients with CRAB BSI. Those Patients treated with cefoperazone/sulbactam had better clinical prognoses, and tigecycline should be used with caution.

Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii; bacteremia; carbapenem-resistant; cefoperazone/sulbactam; tigecycline.

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Science and Technology Research Project of Education Department of Jiangxi Province (No.GJJ180154), the Chinese Medical Science and Technology Research Projects of Jiangxi Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (No.2019A264).