Effect of Carbonate Source on the Dehydrofluorination Process in Polyvinylidene Fluoride/Alkali Metal Carbonate Composites

Wenliang Zhu; Kohei Okada; Naoki Hoshida; Yumi Yoshida; Alessandro Martucci; Jiliang Zhu; Elia Marin; Giuseppe Pezzotti

doi:10.1021/acsomega.2c06857

Effect of Carbonate Source on the Dehydrofluorination Process in Polyvinylidene Fluoride/Alkali Metal Carbonate Composites

ACS Omega. 2023 Apr 18;8(17):14944-14951. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06857. eCollection 2023 May 2.

Authors

Wenliang Zhu¹, Kohei Okada¹, Naoki Hoshida¹, Yumi Yoshida², Alessandro Martucci³, Jiliang Zhu⁴, Elia Marin¹, Giuseppe Pezzotti¹

Affiliations

¹ Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, 606-8585 Kyoto, Japan.
² Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, 606-8585 Kyoto, Japan.
³ Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università di Padova, Via Marzolo, 9, 35131 Padova, Italy.
⁴ College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.

Abstract

In this paper, Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies were applied to analyze compositional and structural variations of the generated activated carbon (AC), as induced by changing carbonate source in three different types of systems, PVDF/M₂CO₃ (M = Li, Na, and K). According to the variations of I _D/I _G and sp²/sp³ ratios, a strong dependence of the AC structure on the type and content of the initial carbonate was found, determined by practical dehydrofluorination reactions associated with oxygen incorporation in AC and side reactions, because of the property variation induced by the difference in the cation of the carbonate sources. This procedure clarified the process of PVDF dehydrofluorination and the formation of activated carbon, which helps to optimize the material performance of the percolative composite for flexible energy storage applications.