Two-dimensional semiconducting SnP2Se6 with giant second-harmonic-generation for monolithic on-chip electronic-photonic integration

Cheng-Yi Zhu; Zimeng Zhang; Jing-Kai Qin; Zi Wang; Cong Wang; Peng Miao; Yingjie Liu; Pei-Yu Huang; Yao Zhang; Ke Xu; Liang Zhen; Yang Chai; Cheng-Yan Xu

doi:10.1038/s41467-023-38131-2

Two-dimensional semiconducting SnP₂Se₆ with giant second-harmonic-generation for monolithic on-chip electronic-photonic integration

Nat Commun. 2023 May 2;14(1):2521. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-38131-2.

Authors

Cheng-Yi Zhu^#¹, Zimeng Zhang^#², Jing-Kai Qin³, Zi Wang², Cong Wang⁴, Peng Miao⁵, Yingjie Liu², Pei-Yu Huang¹, Yao Zhang², Ke Xu⁶, Liang Zhen^{1

7}, Yang Chai⁸, Cheng-Yan Xu^{9

10}

Affiliations

¹ Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
² Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China.
³ Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China. jk.qin@hit.edu.cn.
⁴ Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
⁵ HORIBA Scientific, Shanghai, 205335, China.
⁶ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China. kxu@hit.edu.cn.
⁷ MOE Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China.
⁸ Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China. ychai@polyu.edu.hk.
⁹ Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China. cy_xu@hit.edu.cn.
¹⁰ MOE Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China. cy_xu@hit.edu.cn.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Two-dimensional (2D) layered semiconductors with nonlinear optical (NLO) properties hold great promise to address the growing demand of multifunction integration in electronic-photonic integrated circuits (EPICs). However, electronic-photonic co-design with 2D NLO semiconductors for on-chip telecommunication is limited by their essential shortcomings in terms of unsatisfactory optoelectronic properties, odd-even layer-dependent NLO activity and low NLO susceptibility in telecom band. Here we report the synthesis of 2D SnP₂Se₆, a van der Waals NLO semiconductor exhibiting strong odd-even layer-independent second harmonic generation (SHG) activity at 1550 nm and pronounced photosensitivity under visible light. The combination of 2D SnP₂Se₆ with a SiN photonic platform enables the chip-level multifunction integration for EPICs. The hybrid device not only features efficient on-chip SHG process for optical modulation, but also allows the telecom-band photodetection relying on the upconversion of wavelength from 1560 to 780 nm. Our finding offers alternative opportunities for the collaborative design of EPICs.